“…So far, the traits with major impact in plant breeding showing cytoplasmic effects have been cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), caused by mitochondrial genes (Bohra et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2017) and herbicide resistance, codified by mutations in the chloroplast gene psbA (Greiner, 2012). However, many other characters like yield and quality parameters, disease resistance, chilling tolerance, tissue culture response and regeneration, combining ability and plant adaptation have been found to be associated with the effect of cytoplasmic genes and cytonuclear interactions (Chandra-Shekara et al, 2007;Gordon and Staub, 2011;Reddy et al, 2011;Bock et al, 2014;Shen et al, 2015;Roux et al, 2016;Satyavathi et al, 2016;Dey et al, 2017b;Boussardon et al, 2019).…”