Diagnostic role of cone beam computed tomography for the position of straight array

Abstract

This study validated the CBCT evaluating the electrode array position. The CBCT could be helpful for the preoperative selection of the optimal array and prediction of the CC.

Review on cochlear implant electrode array tip fold-over and scalar deviation

“…Electrode scalar deviation is another important and the most traumatic event that could happen inside the cochlea during electrode placement. A total of 26 peer-reviewed publications were found reporting on intra-cochlear electrode array scalar deviation in patient cases with the current commercially available electrode types (McJunkin et al., 2018; Mittmann et al., 2017; Koka et al., 2018; Dirr et al., 2013; Sipari et al., 2018; Jia et al., 2018; Aschendorff et al., 2017; Fischer et al., 2015; Shaul et al., 2018; Ketterer et al., 2017; An et al., 2017; O'Connell et al., 2017a; O'Connell et al., 2017b; Lathuillière et al., 2017; O'Connell et al., 2016a; O'Connell et al., 2016b; Wanna et al., 2015; Nordfalk et al., 2016; Mittmann et al., 2015a; Mittmann et al., 2015b; Mittmann et al., 2015c; Boyer et al., 2015; Wanna et al., 2014; Nordfalk et al., 2014; Aschendorff et al., 2011; Wanna et al., 2011; Lane et al., 2007) and were summarized in Table 2.…”

“…(2018)65ImagingCA (12), SM(1), SS (31)1J (2), MS (3)F28 (16),1 (8%)1 (20%)–McJunkin et al. (2018)23ImagingSM (23)––6 ( 26% )––Ketterer et al., 2017368ImagingCA (368)––118 ( 32% )––An et al., 201726ImagingSS (5)–F28 (21)––1 ( 4.7% ) F28,1( 20% ) SSAschendorff et al. (2017)45ImagingSM (45)––0 ( 0% )––O'Connell et al., 2017a48Imaging––F24, F28, Std (48)––0 ( 0% )O'Connell et al., 2017b18EcochG–MS (18)––6( 33% )–Mittmann et al.…”

“…Grade 1 and 2 degree of trauma cannot be detected conclusively by the clinical CT due to the image artefact but grade 3 and 4 can be conclusively detected. There is enough number of publications since 2007 that reported on electrode tip fold-over (McJunkin et al., 2018; Sabban et al., 2018; Dirr et al., 2013; Timm et al.; Sipari et al., 2018; Gabrielpillai et al., 2018; Jia et al., 2018; Garaycochea et al., 2017; Aschendorff et al., 2017; Zuniga et al., 2017; Fischer et al., 2015; Cosetti et al., 2012; Grolman et al., 2009) and electrode scalar deviation (McJunkin et al., 2018; Mittmann et al., 2017; Koka et al., 2018; Dirr et al., 2013; Sipari et al., 2018; Jia et al., 2018; Aschendorff et al., 2017; Shaul et al., 2018; Ketterer et al., 2017; An et al., 2017; O'Connell et al., 2017a; O'Connell et al., 2017b; Lathuillière et al., 2017; O'Connell et al., 2016a; O'Connell et al., 2016b; Wanna et al., 2015; Nordfalk et al., 2016; Mittmann et al., 2015a; Mittmann et al., 2015b; Mittmann et al., 2015c; Boyer et al., 2015; Wanna et al., 2014; Nordfalk et al., 2014; Aschendorff et al., 2011; Wanna et al., 2011; Lane et al., 2007) detected with x-ray, clinical CT, NRT and ECochG methods. All the commercially available CI electrodes vary in its size, shape and the method of insertion, the operating surgeon should be well informed about all these variation before the surgery.…”

Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Affecting Cochlear Size: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis

“…Measuring cochleae was an active area of research among anatomists and physiologists in the 19th and early 20th centuries, who conducted their first studies in this area using histological methods 1,2 . However, the invention of cochlear implants has attracted the interest of otologists and neuroradiologists with knowledge of cochlear dimensions 7,9–11,26,27 . In one of the earlier studies, Retzius measured the average OC length as 33.5 mm ± 0.80 and believed it did not show many variations; however, it was observed over time that like fingerprints, the size, structure, and confluence of cochleae varied from individual to individual 1,2,6,19,23 .…”

“…The quantitative assessment of CDL allows selecting the cochlear implant most compatible with patients' specific anatomy and tonotopy 7,8 . Consequently, this reduces the risk of trauma during the implantation surgery and may preserve residual hearing 7,9–12 …”