Development of thermo-mechanical treatments of a maraging steel for yield strengths above 3 GPa

Hornbogen, Erhard; Rittner, Karl

doi:10.1002/srin.198700857

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…This thermal stability is of the carbon free lath martensite microstructure/has been used to achieve a further increase of strength by the precipitation of intermetallic phases [5]. The tensile strength of these alloys, called Maraging Steels, reached up to 3000 MPa at a total elongation'of 2,5 % [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Martensite in Steels : its Significance, Recent Developments and Trends

Schulz-Beenken

1997

J. Phys. IV France

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Abstract:Martensite is generally known as a hard but brittle microstructure. This is only true for high carbon plate martensite. Recently developed steels with a lath martensite microstructure offer an excellent toughness at yield strength of 1000 MPa yield strength. A transformation into lath martensite by glide as invariant shear mechanism is only possible at a carbon content below 0,03 %. The source of both high strength and good toughness is the high dislocation density and the narrow lath width off less than 1 pm. By a thermomechanical treatment, that leads to a finer lath structure both strength and ductility can be improved to a yield strength of 1150 MPa and an elongation of 18 % . As, unlike high carbon plate martensite, the hardness of lath martensite is not achieved by the distortion of the tetragonal cell by carbon atoms, the hardness of lath martensite remains stable up during an annealing treatment up to 600°C. This thermal stability of the lath martensit microstructure makes an additional increase of hardness by the precipitation of different types of intermetallic phases possible. The increase of the hardness from 300 HV to 600 HV by precipitation without volume changes and good cold deformability reveals many new application in manufacturing. In plate martensite too, comparatively high toughness values can be achieved, if carbon is replaced by nitrogen. The refining influence of nitrides on the austenite grain sizes and the precipitation of fine nitrides during the annealing process leads to impact values three times higher than those of comparable high carbon plate martensite.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Martensite in Steels : its Significance, Recent Developments and Trends

Schulz-Beenken

1997

J. Phys. IV France

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“…It is worth mentioning that the YS of 400 ksi (2760 MPa) seems to represent an upper boundary for the maraging steels with 18%Ni 23 and that the lower limit for the 13%Ni-15%Co-Mo-Ti 12,13,24 maraging steels. The characteristics and particularities of the precipitation hardening of these new ultra-high-strength maraging steels have been studied with the help of transmission electron microscopy 12,24,26,27 and have shown that after aging the reiterated presence of three types of nanometric sized precipitates: (Ni,Fe) 3 (Mo,Ti); μ-(Fe,Co) 7 Mo 6 and the Laves phase (Fe,Co) 2 (Mo,Ti). On the other hand, several characteristics of the phase transformations and the hardening mechanisms acting in this new class of maraging steels require complementary and more detailed studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Among the ultra-high-strength materials, available in the market in the various geometries and produced by wellknown processes, maraging steels must be pointed out, that can present a YS over 3 GPa 12 . In the Fe-Ni system, the base for the maraging steels, man has been using them before the discovery of the chemical element Ni (in 1751), and before the birth of the commercial Ni-alloyed steels, around 1888/1889 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the passing years, thoughts were to increase even more the strength of maraging steels. The base composition should be modified deriving 12,24,25 maraging steels with a YS in the order of 3 GPa, using the Fe-13%Ni-15%Co-10%Mo-Ti base composition. This new class of steels, commercially available since the '80s, became known popularly as maraging 400 and 450 steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Short Review on Ultra-High-Strength Maraging Steels and Future Perspectives

et al. 2021

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Maraging steels are among the highest strength steels commercially available. Despite being relatively rare and expensive, they may present a yield strength around 3 GPa and are indispensable for various applications. In the present paper, several aspects will be reviewed related to maraging steels including a brief history of its development, microstructure and acting hardening mechanisms, loss of toughness with the tensile strength increase, resistance to oxidation, and corrosion, nitriding behavior, and future perspectives.

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“…Deve-se mencionar que as corridas pesquisadas no presente trabalho são baseadas em trabalho anterior, no qual foram obtidos, após tratamentos termomecânicos adequados, limites de escoamento acima de 3 GPa [11].…”

Section: Objetivos Do Trabalhounclassified

Efeito Do Teor De Molibdênio Nas Curvas De Endurecimento Por Precipitação E Na Resistência À Oxidação a Altas Temperaturas De Aços Maraging De Ultra Alta Resistência Mecânica

Vicente¹,

Brandi²,

Padilha³

2015

TMM

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Foram estudadas cinco composições não comerciais de aços maraging de ultra alta resistência, dentro de um projeto que visava obter materiais com limite de escoamento por volta de 3 GPa. No total foram estudadas cinco corridas com teores variáveis de molibdênio. Foram obtidas as curvas de envelhecimento das ligas solubilizadas e pré-deformadas a frio após solubilização. Estudou-se o efeito da composição química no comportamento de oxidação ao ar a alta temperatura das ligas. Várias técnicas complementares de análise microestrutural foram utilizadas, tais como microscopia óptica, difração de raios X e microdureza Vickers. A variação no teor de molibdênio na faixa de 7,5 a 15% teve acentuado efeito na temperatura MS e na resistência à oxidação a altas temperaturas. A pré-deformação a frio após a solubilização causou considerável efeito no posterior endurecimento por precipitação. Palavras-chave: Maraging; Endurecimento por Precipitação; Oxidação; Altas temperaturas.

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Development of thermo-mechanical treatments of a maraging steel for yield strengths above 3 GPa

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Martensite in Steels : its Significance, Recent Developments and Trends

Martensite in Steels : its Significance, Recent Developments and Trends

A Short Review on Ultra-High-Strength Maraging Steels and Future Perspectives

Efeito Do Teor De Molibdênio Nas Curvas De Endurecimento Por Precipitação E Na Resistência À Oxidação a Altas Temperaturas De Aços Maraging De Ultra Alta Resistência Mecânica

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