Development of the Eyeball During Fetal Life

Harayama, K; Amemiya, Tsugio; Nishimura, Hideo

doi:10.3928/0191-3913-19810701-07

Cited by 46 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Groot and colleagues 15 evaluated AL in 0‐ to 3‐year‐old children, while Farvardin et al 16 analysed CCT in subjects under 17 years of age. In comparison with the analysis of Groot et al, we included three additional population‐based studies containing data for 3‐year‐old children 29,63,64 and excluded those studies measuring AL on foetal eyes 66,67 or subjects who were born preterm or with health conditions 68–78 . Unlike Farvardin et al who included studies with both intraocular pressure and CCT findings, as well as subjects older than six years of age, we included studies with CCT data in younger subjects 19–23,27,30,32,37,45,46,49,51,53,55–57,60,61 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal range of ocular biometry in healthy children: A systemic review and meta‐analysis of 33,559 individuals under seven years of age

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Purpose To conduct a systemic review and meta‐analysis on the normative range of ocular biometry in healthy children under seven years of age. Methods A literature search was performed using the PubMed (MEDLINE) database. The main outcomes were normative values of axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), cornea curvature (CC), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT) and vitreous chamber depth (VCD). Pooled estimates were obtained with a random‐effects meta‐analysis. Multivariate meta‐regressions ascertained the moderator‐related trends. Results We included 47 studies for a total of 33,559 subjects. The pooled ALs for 0.0–1.9 years, 2.0–3.9 years and 4.0–6.9 years were 18.33 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] 17.57–19.09), 21.71 mm (21.49–21.93) and 22.37 mm (22.29–22.45), respectively. Children aged 0.0–1.9 years had a greater CCT (576.70 μm, 567.20–586.21), steeper cornea (7.41 mm, 7.16–7.65) and shallower ACD (2.46 mm, 2.23–2.69). LT ranged from 3.65 to 3.74 mm for 0–6 years, and VCD increased from 11.94 mm at birth to 15.36 mm at 4.0–6.9 years. Differences in AL between East Asian and non‐East Asian children were found below two years of age (17.30 mm vs. 18.40 mm, p = 0.008) and for CC at 4.0–6.9 years of age (7.82 mm vs. 7.79 mm, p = 0.004). In a multivariate meta‐regression, AL, CC, ACD and VCD increased with age (p < 0.05 for all), while CCT decreased with age (p = 0.0007). Conclusions This study reports normative data for ocular biometry in children. Few differences were found with ethnicity in the ocular biometry of infants and pre‐schoolers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal range of ocular biometry in healthy children: A systemic review and meta‐analysis of 33,559 individuals under seven years of age

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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“…When we evaluate the FD and DD values reported from infancy to adulthood in different age groups, it is understood that the FD / DD ratio decreases with age. [18][19][20][21] According to the reports, from infancy to early adulthood, the ratio of FD to horizontal DD decreases from 4.19 to 2.81. [18][19][20][21] The rates we cited from other articles are not the rates reported directly in the articles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18][19][20][21] According to the reports, from infancy to early adulthood, the ratio of FD to horizontal DD decreases from 4.19 to 2.81. [18][19][20][21] The rates we cited from other articles are not the rates reported directly in the articles. We calculated these rates by dividing the reported average FD by the horizontal DD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-eye comparison of retinal vascular growth rate and angiographic findings following unilateral bevacizumab treatment

Bayramoğlu

Sayın

2021

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose To compare retinal vascularization progression rate, final retinal vascularization, and fluorescein angiography (FA) findings in infants who received intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) treatment in one eye and with spontaneous regression in the other eye. Methods Thirty eyes of 15 infants who underwent IVB in one eye due to asymmetric retinopathy of prematurity, and who had pre-treatment fundus photographs and fluorescein angiography images were included in the study. Horizontal disc diameter (DD), optic disc-to-fovea distance (FD), and the length of temporal retinal vascularization (LTRV) distance were measured by evaluating pre-treatment and FA images. Results The mean ages at the time of treatment and FA were 40.38 ± 3.35 and 68.72 ± 10.52 weeks postmenstrual age, respectively. The pre-treatment LTRV/FD ratio was 3.11 ± 0.41 in the treated eyes and 3.26 ± 0.43 in the non-treated eyes (p = 0.053). The final LTRV/FD ratio was 4.23 ± 0.38 in the treated group and 4.33 ± 0.37 in the non-treated group (p = 0.286). Staining of the vessels, hyperfluorescent focus, and irregular branching of the vessels were similar between the groups, respectively (p = 1.000; p = 0.250; p = 0.625). Conclusion The progression rate of retinal vascularization and angiographic findings were similar between the treated eyes and the non-treated eyes. Our study suggests that incomplete retinal vascularization in eyes treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is due to the nature of the disease, and anti-VEGF treatment was not to cause cessation in vascular progression.

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“…Our group hypothesized that the superior oblique tendon is "secondarily" attached to and turned by the trochlea due to rotation of the foetal eyeball [7]. Harayama et al [6], on the basis of detailed morphometrical data, concluded that medial rotation of the eye ball occurs at 12 weeks and at a stage between 16 and 19 weeks of gestation. De Haan et al [3] also described the rotation in the prenatal stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Inferior oblique muscle of the eye: its foetal development with special reference to understanding of the frequent variants in adults

et al. 2022

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Development of the Eyeball During Fetal Life

Cited by 46 publications

References 9 publications

Normal range of ocular biometry in healthy children: A systemic review and meta‐analysis of 33,559 individuals under seven years of age

Normal range of ocular biometry in healthy children: A systemic review and meta‐analysis of 33,559 individuals under seven years of age

Inter-eye comparison of retinal vascular growth rate and angiographic findings following unilateral bevacizumab treatment

Inferior oblique muscle of the eye: its foetal development with special reference to understanding of the frequent variants in adults

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