Developing economic thresholds for onion thrips in Honduras

Rueda, Alfredo; Badenes‐Pérez, Francisco Rubén; Shelton, Anthony M.

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2006.10.002

Cited by 55 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Significant damage to onions by thrips can range from 30% (Rueda et al 2007), 35-43% (Fournier et al 1995), to 60% yield loss (Waiganjo et al 2008). Action and/or economic threshold calculations have been based on dollar yield response (Fournier et al 1995) and onion leaf damage estimates (Nault & Shelton 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Variation Among Thrips tabaci Populations from Georgia and Peru Based on Polymorphisms in Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I and Ribosomal ITS2 Sequences

Srinivasan

FuZhen

Riley

et al. 2011

Journal of Entomological Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Variation Among Thrips tabaci Populations from Georgia and Peru Based on Polymorphisms in Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I and Ribosomal ITS2 Sequences

Srinivasan

FuZhen

Riley

et al. 2011

Journal of Entomological Science

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“…tabaci still causes signiÞcant yield loss despite decades of research on control strategies worldwide (Lewis 1997b). T. tabaci feeding can reduce onion bulb weight (Kendall and Capinera 1987, Fournier et al 1995, Rueda et al 2007, Diaz-Montano et al 2010 and cause up to 60% yield loss (Waiganjo et al 2008). Young onion plants are more susceptible and prone to be killed by high T. tabaci infestations (Lewis 1973) and are relatively insensitive to thrips feeding late in the season; however, the damage increases with water stress (Parrella and Lewis 1997).…”

Section: Damage Caused By T Tabaci On Onionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The economic thresholds calculated were 2.2 and 0.9 thrips per leaf for 1988 and 1989, respectively. In other studies, the following economic thresholds were recommended for T. tabaci on onion: three thrips per leaf in New York (Shelton et al 1987); one thrips per leaf in Texas (Edelson et al 1989); 0.9 thrips per leaf under early and severe drought conditions and 2.2 thrips per leaf during a season with a slight water deÞcit in Canada (Fournier et al 1995); and 0.5 and 1.6 thrips per leaf during the dry season in Honduras (Rueda et al 2007). There is not a unique economic threshold for thrips on onion (Fournier et al 1995) or for any given pest without considering weather conditions (Pedigo et al 1986, Fournier et al 1995 or the efÞcacy of the insecticide used .…”

Section: Treatment Guidelines For T Tabaci On Onionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hot and dry weather promotes the increase of T. tabaci populations (Bailey 1934, Rueda et al 2007) and the severity of thrips injury (Lewis 1973). However, it is difÞcult to determine if the effect is nutritional or due to the reduction of mortality from rain (Kirk 1997).…”

Section: Environmental Effects On T Tabaci Outbreaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of economic threshold for T. tabaci on onion should be implemented for farmers to change the persistent calendar application of chemical insecticides, which has led to development of T. tabaci resistance to insecticides; however, as mentioned, the determination of economic injury thresholds depends on several factors such indirect damage on leaves, weather conditions, and insecticide efÞcacy. Furthermore, in some locations more than one economic threshold may have to be determined, one threshold for the rainy season and another for dry season (Rueda et al 2007). Thus, farmers may need to establish their own economical threshold based on their unique conditions and this complexity may cause them to revert to calendarbased applications.…”

Section: Treatment Guidelines For T Tabaci On Onionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Onion Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): A Global Pest of Increasing Concern in Onion

Diaz-Montano

Fuchs

Nault³

et al. 2011

jnl. econ. entom.

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164

132

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During the past two decades, onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), has become a global pest of increasing concern in commercial onion (Allium cepa L.), because of its development of resistance to insecticides, ability to transmit plant pathogens, and frequency of producing more generations at high temperatures. T. tabaci feeds directly on leaves, causing blotches and premature senescence as well as distorted and undersized bulbs. T. tabaci can cause yield loss Ͼ50% but can be even more problematic when it transmits Iris yellow spot virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus, IYSV). IYSV was identiÞed in 1981 in Brazil and has spread to many important onion-producing regions of the world, including several U.S. states. IYSV symptoms include straw-colored, dry, tan, spindle-or diamond-shaped lesions on the leaves and scapes of onion plants and can cause yield loss up to 100%. Here, we review the biology and ecology of T. tabaci and discuss current management strategies based on chemical, biological, and cultural control as well as host resistance. Future directions for research in integrated pest management are examined and discussed.RESUMEN En las ultimas dos dé cadas, el trips de la cebolla, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), se ha convertido en una plaga mundial de alto interé s en cebolla, Allium cepa L., debido a su desarrollo de resistencia a insecticidas, capacidad para transmitir pató genos en plantas, y producció n de mayor numero de generaciones a altas temperaturas. T. tabaci se alimenta directamente sobre las hojas causando manchas, senescencia prematura, asṍ como bulbos pequeñ os y desformados. T. tabaci puede causar perdidas en rendimiento mayores al 50%, pero esta plaga puede ser aun más problemática cuando transmite Iris yellow spot virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus, IYSV). IYSV fue identiÞcado en Brasil en 1981 y desde entonces se ha propagado a importantes regiones productoras de cebolla a nivel mundial, incluyendo diferentes estados en los Estados Unidos. Los sṍntomas del IYSV incluye lesiones secas en forma angular o de diamante, de color café claro en las hojas y tallos de la cebolla y puede producir hasta 100% de perdidas en rendimiento. En este articulo nosotros revisamos la biologṍa y ecologṍa de T. tabaci y presentamos los actuales mé todos de manejo basados en control quṍmico, bioló gico y cultural asṍ como el mé todo de resistencia de plantas a insectos. Las direcciones futuras para investigació n en manejo integrado de esta plaga son analizadas. KEY WORDS Thrips tabaci, Allium cepa, Iris yellow spot virus, managementOnion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), has been the subject of considerable research and extension publications since it was Þrst described in 1888 (Lindeman 1889). Some aspects of its biology, ecology, and management have been summarized in T. LewisÕ highly regarded 1997 book, Thrips as Crop Pests, but a considerable amount of detail important for its management on onion (Allium cepa L.)...

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Integrated management of Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on onion in north‐western Italy: basic approaches for supervised control

Mautino

Bosco

Tavella

2011

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is a major pest on onion, Allium cepa L., worldwide. In 2010, research was conducted in a commercial onion field in northwestern Italy in order (i) to evaluate the efficacy of different insecticides and of the SAR activator acibenzolar-S-methyl, (ii) to correlate thrips infestation levels with bulb size and weight at harvest and (iii) to implement a reliable thrips sampling method. Efficacy of the three active ingredients spinosad, lambda-cyhalothrin and acibenzolar-S-methyl on local thrips populations were also evaluated in laboratory bioassays. RESULTS: During field surveys, the highest and the lowest thrips infestations were observed in plots treated with lambdacyhalothrin and with spinosad and acibenzolar-S-methyl respectively. The effectiveness of spinosad was also confirmed in laboratory bioassays. At harvest, bulb size and weight did not significantly differ between treatments. A high correlation with visual inspection made plant beating a suitable sampling method for routine practice, enabling a good estimate of thrips infestation. CONCLUSION: Damage caused by thrips is often not severe enough to warrant the frequent pesticide applications the crops receive in north-western Italy. The use of spinosad and acibenzolar-S-methyl is suggested as an alternative to conventional insecticides for the preservation of natural enemies.

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Developing economic thresholds for onion thrips in Honduras

Cited by 55 publications

References 11 publications

Assessment of Variation Among Thrips tabaci Populations from Georgia and Peru Based on Polymorphisms in Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I and Ribosomal ITS2 Sequences

Assessment of Variation Among Thrips tabaci Populations from Georgia and Peru Based on Polymorphisms in Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I and Ribosomal ITS2 Sequences

Onion Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae): A Global Pest of Increasing Concern in Onion

Integrated management of Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on onion in north‐western Italy: basic approaches for supervised control

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