Determination of mercury in hepatitis-B vaccine by electrolyte cathode glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry (ELCAD-AES)

The improvement of the analytical performance of direct current atmospheric pressure glow discharge generated in contact with the small-sized liquid cathode after the addition of non-ionic surfactants to electrolyte solutions

“…Changes in the design of electrolyte solution delivery capillaries made in last several years led to the improvement of the optical thinness of the discharge and its stability [4,[10][11][12][13][16][17][18][19][20][21]. A better reproducibility of the discharge gap results in a much better analytical performance of such modified discharge systems.…”

“…Linearity ranges reported for these systems typically vary from 2 to at least 4 orders of the concentration, while the precision in most cases is better than 6%. All these improved figures of merit make dc-APGD generated in contact with the liquid cathode a highly desirable instrumental method for the spectrochemical analysis of food samples, including tap, drinking and mineral waters [4,7], tea infusion [4], tea leaves [4], fresh milk [7], tuna fish [20][21][22], oyster tissue [20] or aquatic plant [22].…”

Dielectric barrier discharge micro-plasma emission source for the determination of thimerosal in vaccines by photochemical vapor generation

“…Several micro-plasma sources have been reported, including the microwave-induced plasma (MIP) [11][12][13][14], capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) [15,16], low-power inductively coupled plasma (ICP) [17,18], glow discharge [19], electrolyte cathode glow discharge (ELCAD) [20], and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) [10,[21][22][23]. In our previous work, a miniature DBD-OES system has been developed for determination of trace inorganic mercury using cold vapor generation (CVG) with tin chloride as reducing agent [10].…”

Determination of cadmium in Zircaloys by electrolyte cathode discharge atomic emission spectrometry (ELCAD-AES)

“…[15][16][17][18] Electrolyte cathode discharge atomic emission spectrometry (ELCAD-AES) has many desirable advantages over conventional plasma sources. 21,22,24,[29][30][31][32][33][34] This reveals that several papers have dealt with quantifying analytes in actual samples by ELCAD and ELCAD like instruments. argon) as in ICP-OES or the ame gases (acetylene etc.)…”