Determination of estradiol-17-sulfate in human urine by a direct radioimmunoassay: Urinary levels throughout the menstrual cycle

Watanabe, Kimitsuna; Takanashi, Kaori; Yoshizawa, Itsuo

doi:10.1016/0039-128x(88)90221-8

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…E2-3-S and E2-17-S have been found in human urine, with E2-3-S as the major sulfate of E2 [15][16][17][18]. E2 disulfate has not been reported in humans, although this study showed that E2 disulfate can be formed with SULT2A1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Both DHEA-SULT and phenol-SULT sulfate E2 at micromolar concentrations [12], whereas estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) has a high affinity for sulfonation of E2 with a K m value at nanomolar concentrations [13,14]. E2-3-sulfate (E2-3-S) is a major sulfate of E2 in human, while E2-17-sulfate (E2-17-S) is a minor metabolite detected in human female urine and blood [15][16][17][18]. E2 disulfate has not been reported in human urine or blood to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sulfotransferase 2A1 forms estradiol-17-sulfate and celecoxib switches the dominant product from estradiol-3-sulfate to estradiol-17-sulfate

Wang

James

2005

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfotransferase 2A1 forms estradiol-17-sulfate and celecoxib switches the dominant product from estradiol-3-sulfate to estradiol-17-sulfate

Wang

James

2005

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…E2-17-S itself antagonizes lipid peroxidation, but not very strongly. The addition of various estrogens resulted in antagonizing the NADPH-dependent peroxidation in rat liver microsomes and the ID50 value (concentration to reduce 50% of lipid peroxides in control) for E2-17-S, 2-OH E2, 4-OH E2, 2-OH E2-17-S and 4-OH E2-17-S was 49, 1.2, 0.73, 2.2 and 5.3 tmol/l, respectively [5]. E2-17-S is easily metabolized to 2-OH E2-17-S [2], which is a stable form [4] and a strong antagonist of lipid peroxidation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E2-17-S is quickly metabolized in the body to 2-hydroxyestradiol 17-sulphate (2-OH E2-17-S) and/or 4-hydroxyestradiol 17-sulphate (4-OH E2-17-S) [2,3]. Both 2-OH E2-17-S and 4-OH E2-17-S are more stable forms than the free catechol estrogens (2-OH E2, 4-OH E2) [4] and strongly antagonize lipid peroxidation [5]. The serum level of E2-17-S showed a significant negative regression line with that of lipid peroxides in pregnancy [1].…”

Section: Previouslymentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum 2-Hydroxyestradiol 17-Sulphate in Pregnancy.

et al. 1999

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Abstract.2-Hydroxyestradiol 17-sulphate (2-OH E2-17-S) is a catecholized form of sulphated estrogen. In vitro studies showed that its antioxidative effect is almost equal to that of free catecholestrogens, such as 2-OH E2 or 4-OH E2 and a-tocoferol, but the existance of 2-OH E2-17-S in human serum has not yet been made clear. 2-OH E2-17-S strongly antagonizes lipid peroxidation, and so it may play an important role in pregnancy, for example as an anti-oxidant in pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). The serum level of 2-OH E2-17-S was measured during mid to late pregnancy by a direct radioimmunoassay (RIA) without hydrolysis. The serum levels at 28-31 weeks, 32-35 weeks and 36-40 weeks of gestation were 4.68 ±0.93 (mean ± SE), 8.38 ± 1.21 and 18.31 ± 3.41 nmol/l, respectively.The serum level in PIH cases at 36-40 weeks (4.64± 1.29 nmol/1) was significantly lower than that in normal pregnancy.The 2-OH E2-17-S level in umbilical arteries was significantly higher than that in maternal peripheral vein. These results suggest that the feto-placental unit plays an important role in catecholizing E2-17-S to 2-OH E2-17-S, which may act as an antioxidant in pregnancy.

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“…United States Pharmacopeia (USP) official methods report different HPLC systems for the individual determination of E2, E2-V, E3, E1, and ET-E2 [10][11][12][13][14]. Several immunological methods, such as RIA [15], enzyme immunoassay (EIA) [16], fluorescence immunoassay (FIA) [17], and chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) [18], have been widely used in estrogen screening and determination, specially, in biological fluids. In each of In the last few years, EKC methods have emerged as very attractive separation systems for the analysis of different compounds [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of natural and synthetic estrogens by EKC using a novel microemulsion

et al. 2006

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A novel microemulsion based on sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) was developed for the simultaneous determination of natural and synthetic estrogens by microemulsion EKC (MEEKC). The microemulsion system consisted of 1.4% w/w AOT, 1.0% w/w octane, 7.0% w/w 1-butanol and 90.6% w/w 20 mM sodium salt of 3-(cyclohexylamino)-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid (CAPSO) and 10 mM phosphate buffer at pH 12.5. A baseline resolution in the separation of estrone, 17beta-estradiol, estriol, estradiol 17-hemisuccinate, etinilestradiol, estradiol 3-benzoate, and estradiol 17-valerate was achieved in comparison to the traditional MEEKC system with SDS in less than 15 min. The optimized electrophoretic conditions included the use of an uncoated-silica capillary of 60 cm of total length and 75 microm id, an applied voltage of 25 kV, a temperature of 25 degrees C and 214 UV-detection. Parameters of validation such as specificity, linearity, accuracy, LOD, LOQ and robustness were evaluated according to international guidelines. Due to its simplicity, accuracy, and reliability, the proposed method can be an advantageous alternative to the traditional methodologies for the analysis of natural and synthetic estrogens in different pharmaceutical forms.

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Determination of estradiol-17-sulfate in human urine by a direct radioimmunoassay: Urinary levels throughout the menstrual cycle

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Sulfotransferase 2A1 forms estradiol-17-sulfate and celecoxib switches the dominant product from estradiol-3-sulfate to estradiol-17-sulfate

Sulfotransferase 2A1 forms estradiol-17-sulfate and celecoxib switches the dominant product from estradiol-3-sulfate to estradiol-17-sulfate

Serum 2-Hydroxyestradiol 17-Sulphate in Pregnancy.

Simultaneous determination of natural and synthetic estrogens by EKC using a novel microemulsion

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