Detection of salivary interleukin-2 in recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Kalpana, R; Thubashini, M; Sivapathasundharam, B

doi:10.4103/0973-029x.151313

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Table 1 shows the characteristics of the researched studies based on the examination of interleukin levels. Two articles showed that the research conducted in India [18,21], two articles in Turkey [19,25], three articles in Iran [22][23][24], and one article in China [20]. The number of research subjects in each article consists of 25 to 184 RAS patients, or 551 patients with RAS diagnoses in total.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin as Biomarker of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (Ras): A Systematic Literature Review

2021

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This review aimed to describe the interleukins and interleukin gene polymorphisms related to and recommended as a RAS biomarker. Articles were searched through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library databases, using the keywords of “Interleukin” AND “Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis”. The Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS) was used, and the writing of this review refers to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 8 articles met the criteria and showed a low risk of bias assessment. The level of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-18 in the acute clinical phase of RAS were higher than in the recovery phase, but IL-10 levels showed decreased. IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 gene polymorphisms were found to be more frequent in RAS patients compared to controls, while IL-12 gene polymorphisms were found to be less associated with RAS pathogenesis. Interleukins at the proteomic level that recommended as a pro-inflammatory biomarker are IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and IL-18, while an anti-inflammatory is IL-10. Only IL-2 can be recommended as a biomarker at the genomic level, as other interleukins still require more investigation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin as Biomarker of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (Ras): A Systematic Literature Review

2021

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“…Increased salivary levels of IL‐2, one of the proinflammatory cytokines produced by T‐helper (Th)1 cells, were found in patients with RAS compared with healthy controls . While no statistical differences were observed in the serum levels of IL‐2 between patients with RAS and controls in a Turkish population , Sun et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Increased salivary levels of IL-2, one of the proinflammatory cytokines produced by T-helper (Th)1 cells, were found in patients with RAS compared with healthy controls (36). While no statistical differences were observed in the serum levels of IL-2 between patients with RAS and controls in a Turkish population (37), SUN et al (26) suggested that the markedly increased plasma level of IL-2 may have resulted from secretion by the increased number of activated CD4 + cells and that the expression of IL-2R by activated peripheral blood lymphocytes was upregulated by the plasma level of IL-2 in patients with RAS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and gene variability in selected interleukins: a case–control study

Linhartová

Jánoš

Slezaková

et al. 2018

European J Oral Sciences

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Genetic factors, especially those related to immune system functioning, have been intensively studied to determine their role in the development of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The aim of the present study was to analyze gene variability in interleukin (IL)2, IL4 (and its receptor α, IL4Rα), IL10, and IL13, which were selected based on literature review and/or their functional relevance, in Czech patients with RAS and in healthy controls. In total, 252 subjects (178 controls and 74 patients with RAS) were enrolled in this case–control study, and their detailed anamnestic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained. Nine polymorphisms in the genes encoding interleukins were determined using PCR techniques. There were no significant differences in allele or genotype frequencies of the IL2, IL4, IL4Rα, IL10, and IL13 polymorphisms rs2069762/rs2069763, rs2243250/rs79071878, rs1801275, rs1800896, and rs1800925, respectively, between controls and patients with RAS. The minority alleles rs1800871 and rs1800872, which encode variants of IL10, were associated with a statistically significantly higher risk of RAS, as confirmed by the results of genotype and haplotype analyses. We suggest that variability in the IL10 gene may play an important role in the development of RAS in the Czech population.

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“…We believe that the limited availability of preventative or therapeutic options for recurrent aphthous stomatitis results from poor understanding of its etiopathogenic process 10 , and the stagnation in our understanding of the condition over the last few decades. One of the biggest problems is that the scientific focus has been on studying individual molecules, such as TNF-α 11 , IL-2 12 , and cortisol 13 . In addition, much of the published research has not evaluated sample sets representing the clinical course of the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary proteome of aphthous stomatitis reveals the participation of vitamin metabolism, nutrients, and bacteria

Hernández-Olivos

Muñoz

Núñez

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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There are currently no preventative options for recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and the only available treatments are palliative. This is partly due to a poor understanding of its etiopathogenesis. In this case–control study, we characterized the salivary proteome of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis in the presence and absence of lesions. Through mass spectrometry-based proteomics and bioinformatics tools, we identified that the presence of oral ulcers is associated with several specific biological processes, including the metabolic pathways of vitamin B9, B12, nitrogen, selenium, and the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. These changes occurred only in the presence of clinically visible lesions, and there were no relevant differences between patients in anatomical regions unaffected by ulcers. Additionally, using western blot and ELISA assays, we verified that carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) and hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB) proteins are highly expressed during the ulcerative and remission phases of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Our results cumulatively support saliva as an indicator of the pathophysiological changes, which occur during the clinical course of lesions. From a clinical perspective, we suggest that recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a condition triggered by temporary biological changes in people with lesions.

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Detection of salivary interleukin-2 in recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Interleukin as Biomarker of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (Ras): A Systematic Literature Review

Interleukin as Biomarker of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (Ras): A Systematic Literature Review

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and gene variability in selected interleukins: a case–control study

Salivary proteome of aphthous stomatitis reveals the participation of vitamin metabolism, nutrients, and bacteria

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