Detection of feline idiopathic cystitis as the cause of feline lower urinary tract disease in Sleman Regency, Indonesia

Astuty, Andi Tri Julyana Eka; Tjahajati, Ida; Nugroho, Widagdo Sri

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2020.1108-1112

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Predominantly young adult castrated male cats were presented with FIC/UO in this study, which is similar to the existing literature and consistent with the syndrome's pathophysiology. 2,30 In this study population, domestic shorthair cats were the predominant breed for both FIC with and without UO groups, similar to the existing literature. 7,8 This is in contrast to other studies in Indonesia and New Zealand, which noted an association between Persian and other longhaired cats with FIC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Incidence of feline idiopathic cystitis and urethral obstruction during COVID-19 human movement restrictions in Queensland, Australia

Jackson,

Collins,

Kim

et al. 2023

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives Feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) and urethral obstruction (UO) are commonly linked to increased stress. The influence of human movement restrictions on their incidence remains undetermined. FIC with or without UO is associated with environmental stress factors. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic restricted human movement and working behaviours. It is unknown if these restrictions increased the risk of FIC or UO in cats. Methods Total cat emergency accessions and transfers between 8 February 2019 and 8 February 2021 at two private hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. Cats were included in the FIC group if they presented with lower urinary tract signs and supporting urinalysis, and were included in the UO group if they presented with UO. Cats with current urinary tract infection, or previous FIC or UO, were excluded. Groups were considered ‘pre-COVID-19’ between February 2019 and 2020 and ‘COVID-19’ between February 2020 and 2021. Cases of FIC and UO were compared between COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 using Fisher’s exact test and relative risk (RR) calculations. Results The pre-COVID-19 incidence of FIC was 4.3% (63/1477, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.0332–0.053), non-obstructive FIC was 1.4% (20/1477, 95% CI 0.008–0.020) and UO was 2.9% (43/1477, 95% CI 0.020–0.038). One cat was excluded as obstruction occurred during hospitalisation. The COVID-19 incidence of FIC was 5.4% (113/2081, 95% CI 0.044–0.64), non-obstructive FIC was 2.1% (70/2081, 95% CI 0.014–0.027) and UO was 3.4% (70/2081, 95% CI 0.026–0.042). The risk of non-obstructive FIC ( P = 0.122; RR 0.652, 95% CI 0.387–1.096), UO ( P = 0.382; RR 0.839, 95% CI 0.577–1.22) or either ( P = 0.098; RR 0.773, 95% CI 0.572–1.044) was not significantly higher in the COVID-19 period than the pre-COVID-19 period. Conclusions and relevance No clear association between COVID-19 movement restrictions and the incidence of UO or non-obstructive FIC was found within this retrospective population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Incidence of feline idiopathic cystitis and urethral obstruction during COVID-19 human movement restrictions in Queensland, Australia

Jackson,

Collins,

Kim

et al. 2023

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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“…In the current study, urolithiasis was detected in 11 (28.9%) out of 38 cats with FLUTD based on ultrasonographic and radiographic examinations. The prevalence of urolithiasis in different countries was reported by Lew-Kojrys et al [4] as 13%, Nururrozi et al [1] as 13%, Astuty et al [8] as 57.5%, Piyarungsri et al [3] as 18%, Gerber et al [5] as 22%, Dorsh et al [2] as 7%, Kaul et al [12] as 12.9%, Seavik et al [7] as 11.8% and Hribova et al [6] as 5%. The dietary regimens of the patients included in the study, especially drinking tap water, may account for the high incidence of urolithiasis in the present study compared to other reports by relevant studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Similarly, relevant studies from different countries reported FIC as the most prevalent FLUTD. Lew-Kojrys et al [4] in Polish cats, Nururrozi et al [1] in the Indonesian Yogyakarta cat population, Astuty et al [8] in cats of the Sleman region of Indonesia, Piyarungsri et al [3] in Thai cats, Gerber et al [5] in European cats, Dorsh et al [2] in the German cat population, Kaul et al [12] in Munich cats, Seavik et al [7] in Norwegian cats and Hribova et al [6] in Czech reported that FIC was the most prevalent FLUTD, with rates of 60.7%, 56%, 21.9%, 57.7%, 51.5%, 57%, 55%, 55.5% and 57%, respectively. Furthermore, relevant studies reported UTI as one of the major causes of FLUTD with an incidence rate of 8%-25% [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an Indonesian study, the most frequently diagnosed diseases were FIC (55%), UTI (25%), urolithiasis (13%), UP (4.9%) and neoplasia (0.4%) [1]. Another Indonesian study reported that FLUTD was associated with FIC (21.9%), urolithiasis (57.5%), UTI (16.4%), neoplasia (1.4%), trauma 1.4% and nervous disorders (1.4%) [8]. In a study with European cats, urolithiasis was found in 22% of cats, UPs in 10% and UTI in 8%, with 57% of the cats classified as idiopathic (lack of a specific cause) [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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An Investigation of Risk Factors, Clinical Manifestations and Aetiology of Lower Urinary Tract Diseases in Cats in Diyarbakır, Turkiye

Koçhan

Şimşek

2022

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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F ELINE lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is a common feline disease characterized by urinary bladder and urethral dysfunction. The present study aimed to investigate the epidemiological data, clinical symptoms, aetiology and risk factors of lower urinary tract diseases in the feline population in Diyarbakir and compare the data with published research results. The health records of 1658 cats who presented to the Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University between January 2020 and May 2022 were reviewed, and 38 cats diagnosed with feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) were included in the study. Information about the patients' age, sex, diet and sterilization status was recorded. Following the collection of anamnesis data (diet, accommodation conditions and observed abnormalities), clinical examination, haematological analysis, serum biochemical analyses, radiography and abdominal ultrasonography were performed to make a diagnosis. A total of 21 (55.26%) patients were diagnosed with feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC)/urinary tract infection (UTI), 11 (28.9%) with urolithiasis, 5 (13%) urethral plaque and 1 (2.63%) with neoplasia. The most frequent cause of FLUTD was FIC/UTI. FIC was the most prevalent FLUTD in the Diyarbakir region, with the most frequent clinical symptoms being pain, stranguria, pollakiuria, haematuria, obstruction and periuria. The disease was more prevalent in male cats, and a single-cat household setting, dry and wet food diets and drinking tap water were important risk factors for the occurrence of the disease.

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“…The relationship between the acute phase proteins concentrations (AGP, SAA and Fibrinogen) and total protein, albumin, BUN and creatinine in cats with FLUTD were recorded in Table (6). The results showed significant positive correlation between AGP, SAA and fibrinogen concentration (r = 0.726, r = 0.618, respectively) as well the correlation between SAA and AGP showed moderate positive correlation (r = 0.580) (Figure 1).…”

Section: Hematological and Biochemical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Monitoring the Inflammatory Process of Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease

Mustafa

Gouda²,

Shehta³

et al. 2023

SVR

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This study aimed to compare the hemato-biochemical parameters in cats suffered from FLUTD with those of healthy cats, and to evaluate the inflammatory process by measuring serum amyloid A, alpha-1-Acid glycoprotein, and plasma fibrinogen concentrations. Cats frequently suffer from feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD), which causes acute renal failure, electrolyte buildup, and acid-base imbalance. Acute-phase proteins can be used to monitor the inflammatory processes of feline lower urinary tract disease.The present study included thirty cats of both sexes, nine cats defined as clinically healthy cats and 21 cats with signs of idiopathic cystitis and/ or urethral obstruction for up to 24 hours were defined as cat with FLUTD group. Blood samples were collected from cephalic vein for hematological, biochemical assays and the measurement of acute-phase protein concentrations, including SAA, AGP, and fibrinogen. Serum SAA and AGP were measured using commercial ELISA kits.In cats with FLUTD, the total white blood cell count, neutrophils, and platelets count increased significantly, as did the mean values of hematological and biochemical indices. However, there was a significant decrease in the mean value of red blood cells, hemoglobin, and PCV. Blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, total proteins, albumin, potassium, and phosphorus levels all increased significantly, while sodium and chloride levels decreased significantly. When compared to clinically healthy cats, plasma fibrinogen, serum alpha-1- acid glycoprotein, and serum amyloid A levels were significantly higher in cats with FLUTD. There was a significant positive correlation between the concentrations of acute phase proteins biomarkers (SAA, AGP, and fibrinogen) and blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. It is concluded that, in cats with FLUTD, serum amyloid A, AGP, and fibrinogen could be employed as an indicator of inflammatory processes.

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Detection of feline idiopathic cystitis as the cause of feline lower urinary tract disease in Sleman Regency, Indonesia

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Incidence of feline idiopathic cystitis and urethral obstruction during COVID-19 human movement restrictions in Queensland, Australia

Incidence of feline idiopathic cystitis and urethral obstruction during COVID-19 human movement restrictions in Queensland, Australia

An Investigation of Risk Factors, Clinical Manifestations and Aetiology of Lower Urinary Tract Diseases in Cats in Diyarbakır, Turkiye

Monitoring the Inflammatory Process of Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease

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