Detailed analysis on engine operating in dual fuel mode with different energy fractions of sustainable HHO gas

Abstract

Carbon emission and problems associated with the world have been the major concerns for the past few decades. The world governments have implemented stringent emission norms to reduce the pollution created by hydrocarbon combustion in automobiles. The use of gaseous fuels in IC engines has gained interest among the research community. In the present research work, hydrogen, and oxygen (HHO gas) are produced together in an electrolyzer unit and is fed into the engine intake manifold before the carburetor. The electrolyzer consists of an anode, cathode and five neutral plates made of 316 L SS. Electrolyser production rate was tested with four different molarity conditions of NaOH electrolyte solution ranging from 0.24 to 1 N. It was noted that a maximum of 2 LPM of HHO gas was produced with the supply of 90 A‐h current at 1 N solution concentration. The performance and emission characters of the SI engine were conducted at six different load conditions and four flow rates of HHO gas. HHO gas induction has significantly increased the thermal brake efficiency by 8% and decreased the specific fuel consumption by 20%. With the supply of 2 LPM of HHO gas, CO2, HC, and NOx emissions were reduced by 67%, 59%, and 34%, respectively.

Overall Performance Investigation and Optimization of a Multi-fuel Operated Compression Ignition Engine Using Coupled Taguchi and Grey Relational Analysis

“…The BSFC decreases with an increase in load intensity and CR; however, it initially decreases and later increases with fuel mode changes from SF1 to DF. Similar results have been observed for the fuel mode type in refs ( 46 ) and ( 47 ). Increasing the load and CR ensures better combustion with increasing cylinder pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber, thereby reducing BSFC in the test engine.…”

Critical Review on Effects of Alcohols and Nanoadditives on Performance and Emission in Low-Temperature Combustion Engines: Advances and Perspectives

“…Several research works evaluated the influence of a mass proportion of methanol/diesel mixtures. The HRR rose as the diffusive combustion duration was reduced based on the experimental outcomes. − …”

“…Sahin et al analyzed the influence of the butanol effect in a diesel engine. The study showed that changing the proportion of butanol and engine working environments affected engine efficiency, SFC, and pollutants. − ,− Imdadul et al showed that adding butanol to diesel enhanced the cylinder pressure (CP) and burning rate. HC emissions increased, but soot emissions dropped in terms of emissions.…”

“…NO x emissions were lower in quaternary blends comprising propanol and pentanol than in the DB mix. Subramanian et al 64 devised a combined reduced main reference fuel combustion kinetic mechanism with alcohols. With 161 species and 622 reactions, the simulation findings were impressive.…”

Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Emission and Performance Characteristics of Thumba Methyl Ester (Biodiesel)

“…39 The current study is the first one which studies it utilizing an enhanced technology, hydrodynamic cavitation, which can produce biodiesel that is both cheaper and cleaner. 40,41 There has not been much research done on using UV light and hydrodynamic cavitation to produce biodiesel, 42−45 thus there are opportunities to experiment in this field. 46 The present study is intended to investigate the suitability of TME as a potential blending element for use in CI engines.…”