Defense enzymes induced in cucumber roots by treatment with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Pythium aphanidermatum

Chen, Chunquan; Bélanger, Richard R.; Benhamou, Nicole; Paulitz, T. C.

doi:10.1006/pmpp.1999.0243

Cited by 453 publications

(259 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The release of phytohormones by rhizobacteria is an important aspect: all phytohormones are implicated in nodule formation in one way or another [4]. Furthermore, induced systemic resistance (ISR) [7] may have bearing, as this process is associated with the synthesis of phytoalexins [8,9] and flavonoids, where the latter play an important role in the nodulation process [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs) on the Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Nodulation, and Growth of Lupinus albus l. cv. Multolupa

Lucas¹,

Probanza

Ramos

et al. 2004

Engineering in Life Sciences

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The effects of five plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), nodulation, and growth promotion of plants of Lupinus albus cv. Multolupa were investigated. The plants were selected for their capacity to use 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) as the sole source of nitrogen. Four strains belonged to the genus Pseudomonas (Luc 1, Luc 2, Luc 3, and Luc 4) and one (Luc 5) belonged to the genus Bacillus. Three patterns of inoculation were examined. In the first pattern, PGPRs were inoculated seven days before being inoculated with B. japonicum. In the second pattern, PGPRs and B. japonicum were co-inoculated, and in the last pattern, PGPRs were inoculated seven days after being inoculated with B. japonicum. The plants were sampled 30 and 45 days after being inoculated with B. japonicum (T1 and T2). In the first pattern of inoculation, Luc 5 significantly increased the biological nitrogen fixation compared to the control at the first sampling time, as did Luc 1 and Luc 4 at the second sampling time. In the second pattern of inoculation, Luc 5 negatively effected the biological nitrogen fixation at both sampling times. In the third pattern of inoculation, all PGPRs caused a decrease in the nitrogen content of the plants compared to the control. The results obtained according to the patterns of inoculation showed that the mechanisms of action of the effects and routes used by Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains were clearly different. Competition between PGPRs and B. japonicum, competition for the niches in the rhizoplane, production of auxins, and induction of systemic resistance (ISR) by the production of siderophores or by lipopolysaccharides present in the outer membrane (LPS) are discussed as probable reasons for the effects observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs) on the Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Nodulation, and Growth of Lupinus albus l. cv. Multolupa

Lucas¹,

Probanza

Ramos

et al. 2004

Engineering in Life Sciences

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“…Beneficial rhizobacteria trigger ISR by priming the plant for potentiated activation of various cellular defense responses, which are subsequently induced upon pathogen attack (Conrath et al, 2006). The potentiated responses include oxidative burst (Iriti and Faoro, 2003), cell wall reinforcements (Benhamou et al, 1996), accumulation of defense-related materials and enzymes (Chen et al, 2000), secondary metabolite production (Ongena et al, 2000), and impediment of infection processes of pathogens such as inhibition of sporangia and zoospore germination (Yan et al, 2002). Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), siderophores, or SA from rhizobacteria also are indispensable for successful disease protection (De Meyer et al, 1999; for review, see Ramamoorthy et al, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns-Triggered Root Responses Mediate Beneficial Rhizobacterial Recruitment in Arabidopsis

et al. 2012

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This study demonstrated that foliar infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 induced malic acid (MA) transporter (ALUMINUM-ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER1 [ALMT1]) expression leading to increased MA titers in the rhizosphere of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). MA secretion in the rhizosphere increased beneficial rhizobacteria Bacillus subtilis FB17 (hereafter FB17) titers causing an induced systemic resistance response in plants against P. syringae pv tomato DC3000. Having shown that a live pathogen could induce an intraplant signal from shoot-to-root to recruit FB17 belowground, we hypothesized that pathogen-derived microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) may relay a similar response specific to FB17 recruitment. The involvement of MAMPs in triggering plant innate immune response is well studied in the plant's response against foliar pathogens. In contrast, MAMPs-elicited plant responses on the roots and the belowground microbial community are not well understood. It is known that pathogen-derived MAMPs suppress the root immune responses, which may facilitate pathogenicity. Plants subjected to known MAMPs such as a flagellar peptide, flagellin22 (flg22), and a pathogen-derived phytotoxin, coronatine (COR), induced a shoot-to-root signal regulating ALMT1 for recruitment of FB17. Micrografts using either a COR-insensitive mutant (coi1) or a flagellin-insensitive mutant (fls2) as the scion and ALMT1 pro :b-glucuronidase as the rootstock revealed that both COR and flg22 are required for a graft transmissible signal to recruit FB17 belowground. The data suggest that MAMPs-induced signaling to regulate ALMT1 is salicylic acid and JASMONIC ACID RESISTANT1 (JAR1)/JASMONATE INSENSITIVE1 (JIN1)/MYC2 independent. Interestingly, a cell culture filtrate of FB17 suppressed flg22-induced MAMPsactivated root defense responses, which are similar to suppression of COR-mediated MAMPs-activated root defense, revealing a diffusible bacterial component that may regulate plant immune responses. Further analysis showed that the biofilm formation in B. subtilis negates suppression of MAMPs-activated defense responses in roots. Moreover, B. subtilis suppression of MAMPs-activated root defense does require JAR1/JIN1/MYC2. The ability of FB17 to block the MAMPselicited signaling pathways related to antibiosis reflects a strategy adapted by FB17 for efficient root colonization. These experiments demonstrate a remarkable strategy adapted by beneficial rhizobacteria to suppress a host defense response, which may facilitate rhizobacterial colonization and host-mutualistic association.

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“…When groundnut plants were sprayed with P. fluorescens increase in activity of PAL was observed (Meena et al 2000). Cucumber plants treated with Pseudomonas corrugata had initially higher levels of PAL and levels were lower after challenging the plant with Pythium aphanidermatum (Chen et al 2000). Increase in mRNAs encoding PAL and Chalcone synthase were recorded in the early stages of the interaction between bean roots and various rhizobacteria (Zdor & Anderson 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of phylloplane colonizing biocontrol agents on the black spot of rose caused byDiplocarpon rosae

Karthikeyan

Bhaskaran

Mathiyazhagan

et al. 2007

Journal of Plant Interactions

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An attempt was made to study the biocontrol efficacy of antagonistic microorganisms in phylloplane of rose cv. Edward to manage the black spot (Diplocarpon rosae) disease. Eight antagonistic microorganisms were tested in vivo against the black spot pathogen. Among these, Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens pf1 reduces the mycelial growth significantly. These two biocontrol agents were evaluated for their ability to induce defense-related enzymes and chemicals in plants. Increased activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), peroxidase (PO), polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and total phenolics were recorded in all the biocontrol agents treated leaves. P. fluorescens Pf1 recorded early and increased synthesis of the entire defense-related enzymes and total phenol within 6 days. The application of biocontrol agents induced the defense-related enzymes involved in phenyl propanoid pathway in addition to direct antagonism, which collectively contribute for enhanced resistance against invasion of Diplocarpon rosae in rose.

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Defense enzymes induced in cucumber roots by treatment with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and Pythium aphanidermatum

Cited by 453 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs) on the Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Nodulation, and Growth of Lupinus albus l. cv. Multolupa

Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPRs) on the Biological Nitrogen Fixation, Nodulation, and Growth of Lupinus albus l. cv. Multolupa

Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns-Triggered Root Responses Mediate Beneficial Rhizobacterial Recruitment in Arabidopsis

Influence of phylloplane colonizing biocontrol agents on the black spot of rose caused byDiplocarpon rosae

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