Decadal Variations in Climate Associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation

Hurrell, James W.; Loon, Harry van

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8905-5_4

Cited by 819 publications

(1,152 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

1,035

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Japan is one of those regions (Appendix). Whereas previous NAO-based SAT regressions (Hurrel and van Loon, 1997;Thompson and Wallace, 1998;Koide and Kodera, 1998) decay rapidly on the coast of far east Russia and fall below a significance level over Japan, station data on the northern Japanese island Hokkaido indicate otherwise. Winter SAT at Wakkanai, the northernmost upper-air station in Japan, began a pronounced quasi-decadal oscillation in 1970, appar-ently in concert with the NAO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…1). Recent empirical analyses identify large NAO-associated fluctuations in sea surface temperature (SST) over the Atlantic Ocean (Deser and Blackmon, 1993;Tanimoto and Xie, 1999;Watanabe et al,1999, among others) and in the surface air temperature (SAT) over northern Eurasia (Hurrel and van Loon, 1997). Concurrent fluctuations are also found in the strength of the stratospheric polar vortex (Kodera and Yamazaki, 1994;Kitoh et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Hemispheric-Scale Quasi-Decadal Oscillation and Its Signature in Northern Japan

Xie

Noguchi

Matsumura

1999

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pronounced quasi-decadal oscillation in surface air temperature over northern Japan is linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). A NAO-based regression analysis reveals a hemispheric-scale decadal temperature anomaly pattern that features a seesaw between eastern Canada/Greenland and northern Eurasia at high latitudes, with additional centers of action in the eastern United States and North Africa/Middle East. Advection of climatological mean temperature gradient by anomalous winds seems to be a mechanism for these temperature anomalies. Particularly, positive temperature anomalies over Siberia at NAO's positive phase are associated with anomalous southwesterly winds on the upstream side. The advection by mean westerlies is also important over Eurasia, bringing large decadal variability to northern Japan. This quasi-decadal oscillation can be traced farther eastward to the North Pacific, in the Aleutian low and in sea surface temperature on the subarctic front. A possible inter-oceanic link between the North Atlantic and Pacific is discussed.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Hemispheric-Scale Quasi-Decadal Oscillation and Its Signature in Northern Japan

Xie

Noguchi

Matsumura

1999

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, these attributes influence invertebrate prey densities, which are challenging to measure precisely in situ over large areas (Batzer, 2013;Lee et al, 1999;Lyzenga et al, 2006). Landsat's historical timespan permits analysis of multiple El Niño cycles, which strongly influence the frequency and intensity of precipitation for many regions, including the western U.S. (Feldl and Roe, 2011;Hurrell and Loon, 1997). An analysis of the spatiotemporal variability of surface water at migratory stopover sites is needed to better understand baseline habitat conditions, particularly in regions with extreme seasonal and interannual variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three decades of Landsat-derived spring surface water dynamics in an agricultural wetland mosaic; Implications for migratory shorebirds

Schaffer‐Smith

Swenson

Barbaree

et al. 2017

Remote Sensing of Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Satellite measurements of surface water offer promise for understanding wetland habitat availability at broad spatial and temporal scales; reliable habitat is crucial for the persistence of migratory shorebirds that depend on wetland networks. We analyzed water extent dynamics within wetland habitats at a globally important shorebird stopover site for a 1983-2015 Landsat time series, and evaluated the effect of climate on water extent. A range of methods can detect open water from imagery, including supervised classification approaches and thresholds for spectral bands and indices. Thresholds provide a time advantage; however, there is no universally superior index, nor single best threshold for all instances. We used random forest to model the presence or absence of water from >6200 reference pixels, and derived an optimal water probability threshold for our study area using receiver operating characteristic curves. An optimized mid-infrared (1.5-1.7 μm) threshold identified open water in the Sacramento Valley of California at 30-m resolution with an average of 90% producer's accuracy, comparable to approaches that require more intensive user input. SLC-off Landsat 7 imagery was integrated by applying a customized interpolation that mapped water in missing data gaps with 99% user's accuracy. On average we detected open water on ~26000 ha (~3% of the study area) in early April at the peak of shorebird migration, while water extent increased five-fold after the migration rush. Over the last three decades, late March water extent declined by ~1300 ha per year, primarily due to changes in the extent and timing of agricultural flood-irrigation. Water within shorebird habitats was significantly associated with an index of water availability at the peak of migration. Our approach can be used to optimize thresholds for time series analysis and near-real-time mapping in other regions, and requires only marginally more time than generating a confusion matrix.

show abstract

“…The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is a global climatic index that describes the temporal variability in the atmospheric pressure measured along a north-south gradient, from the subpolar region of Iceland to the Azores in the subtropical part of the North Atlantic Ocean (Hurrell 1995;Hurrell and van Loon 1997;Stenseth et al 2003). The differences in atmospheric pressure determine the direction and speed of the westerly winds that cross the Atlantic Ocean, blowing from North America towards Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of the NAO on local weather are observable throughout the year, but this index shows its greatest level of variability during wintertime, when the air masses that cross the Atlantic embed their highest energy content (Stenseth et al 2003). For these reasons, the NAO is mainly considered a winter climatic index, although it may influence weather conditions of western Europe (Hurrell and van Loon 1997;Stenseth et al 2003) and the Mediterranean basin (Rubolini et al 2007;Cañellas et al 2010) all over the year. In the Mediterranean, the influence of the NAO on local weather has been demonstrated in relation to air and sea temperatures, precipitations and river discharges (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lagged influence of North Atlantic Oscillation on population dynamics of a Mediterranean terrestrial salamander

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is a largescale climatic pattern that strongly influences the atmospheric circulation in the northern Hemisphere and by consequence the long-term variability of marine and terrestrial ecosystem over great part of northern Europe and western Mediterranean. In the Mediterranean, the effects of the NAO on vertebrates has been studied mainly on bird populations but was rarely analysed in ectothermic animals, and in particular in amphibians. In this study, we investigated the relationships between winter, spring and summer NAO indexes and the long-term population dynamics of the plethodontid salamander Speleomantes strinatii. This terrestrial salamander was monitored inside an artificial cave in NW Italy for 24 consecutive years. The relationships between seasonal NAO indexes and the salamander dynamics were assessed by cross-correlation function (CCF) analysis, after prewhitening the time series by autoregressive moving average statistical modelling. Results of CCF analyses indicated that the salamander abundance varied in relation to the one-year ahead winter NAO (P= 0.018), while no relationships were found with spring and summer indexes. These results strengthen some previous findings that suggested a high sensitivity of temperate terrestrial amphibians to wintertime climatic conditions.

show abstract

Decadal Variations in Climate Associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation

Cited by 819 publications

References 56 publications

A Hemispheric-Scale Quasi-Decadal Oscillation and Its Signature in Northern Japan

A Hemispheric-Scale Quasi-Decadal Oscillation and Its Signature in Northern Japan

Three decades of Landsat-derived spring surface water dynamics in an agricultural wetland mosaic; Implications for migratory shorebirds

Lagged influence of North Atlantic Oscillation on population dynamics of a Mediterranean terrestrial salamander

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About