A Hemispheric-Scale Quasi-Decadal Oscillation and Its Signature in Northern Japan

Xie, Shang‐Ping; Noguchi, Hideyuki; Matsumura, Shinji

doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.77.2_573

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…1a). This surface air temperature pattern is consistent with that induced by positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) (Xie et al 1999) or northern annular mode (NAM) (Thompson and Wallace 2000), which is characterized by negative geopotential height anomalies over the Arctic and positive anomalies over the lower latitudes (Fig. 1b).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Summer Arctic Atmospheric Circulation Response to Spring Eurasian Snow Cover and Its Possible Linkage to Accelerated Sea Ice Decrease

2014

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Anticyclonic circulation has intensified over the Arctic Ocean in summer during recent decades. However, the underlying mechanism is, as yet, not well understood. Here, it is shown that earlier spring Eurasian snowmelt leads to anomalously negative sea level pressure (SLP) over Eurasia and positive SLP over the Arctic, which has strong projection on the negative phase of the northern annular mode (NAM) in summer through the wavemean flow interaction. Specifically, earlier spring snowmelt over Eurasia leads to a warmer land surface, because of reduced surface albedo. The warmed surface amplifies stationary Rossby waves, leading to a deceleration of the subpolar jet. As a consequence, rising motion is enhanced over the land, and compensating subsidence and adiabatic heating occur in the Arctic troposphere, forming the negative NAM. The intensified anticyclonic circulation has played a contributing role in accelerating the sea ice decline observed during the last two decades. The results here provide important information for improving seasonal prediction of summer sea ice cover.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Summer Arctic Atmospheric Circulation Response to Spring Eurasian Snow Cover and Its Possible Linkage to Accelerated Sea Ice Decrease

2014

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“…The well known direct impact of the zonal circulation intensity on SAT through the control over warm Atlantic air advection (Xie et al, 1999; is reflected in high simultaneous correlations between the JFM seasonal mean AO indices and SAT (Table II, left column). Some 35 to 50% of the Barents Sea and about 25% of the Kara Sea coastal stations' winter-to-winter seasonal SAT variance is explained by the AO.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Relationships between the intensity of the winter westerlies, represented by the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) index or Arctic oscillation (AO) index and the winter northwestern Eurasia surface air temperature (SAT), are extensively documented (Van Loon and Rogers, 1978;Wallace and Gutzler, 1981;Hurrell, 1996;Maslanik et al, 1996;Jones et al, 1997;Serreze et al, 1997;Randall et al, 1998;Xie et al, 1999;Wallace, 1998, 2000;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the winter Arctic oscillation on the northern Russia spring temperature

Kryjov

2002

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Correlation and trend analyses are applied to examine relationships between the northern Russia snow/ice season surface air temperature (SAT) and winter circulation, represented by the January-March Arctic oscillation (AO) index. The 1935-99 series of winter and spring monthly SAT from five stations are used, with the winter season being defined as January-March and the spring season being defined specifically for each station in accordance with local snow/ice season duration from April-May through April-July.It is shown that the influence of the winter circulation on SAT is evident at least until the end of snow/ice season, which suggests that this influence is implemented via feedbacks provided by snow and sea ice. The winter AO accounts for some 25-50% (15-20%) of the winter (spring) SAT variance. More than 50% of the 30 year (1968-97) trends in both winter and spring SAT for northwestern Russia and more than 40% for northwestern Siberia are linearly correlated with the winter AO. It is proposed that in the Arctic Ocean regions, where snow and ice do not melt completely, the winter AO influence on SAT is likely to be evident at least until the next year's winter.

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“…The observed AO index after 1970s, shows a significant decadal variability and an increasing trend (TW98, Thompson and Wallace, 1999b, Koide and Kodera, 1999, Xie et al, 1999. Because the dominance of the AO is caused by wave-mean flow interaction, any factons which change the zonal mean fields, or wave fields, can shift the atmospheric circulation to either the high polarity, or low polarity.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Arctic Oscillation Simulated by AGCM

Yamazaki

Shinya

1999

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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The annular mode in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) extratropical circulation, which has an equivalent barotoropic structure from the surface to the lower stratosphere, is called the Arctic Oscillation (AO), by Thompson and Wallace (1998). The AO is the leading empirical orthogonal function (EOF) mode of the sea level pressure field, and it can be seen throughout the year. It is more dominant in winter. It is characterized as a seesaw pattern of mass, between the Arctic region and the midlatitude belt. It is also a seesaw of the mean zonal wind, between the region poleward of 40N and that equatorward of it.In this study, an analysis of the simulated AO is made, to confirm that the AO is an atmospheric internal mode, and for studying the transition mechanism to the high/low polarity of the AO. The seasonal and perpetual February runs were made by using the Center for Climate System Research/National Institute for Environmental Studies (CCSR/NIES) atmospheric general circulation model (ALCM). In both runs, the AO signature is dominant. Its magnitude is similar to the observed one. Thus, it is confirmed that the AO is an internal mode of the atmosphere. Using data from a perpetual February integration, a composite analysis of the transition to the high/low polarity of the AO is made.Based upon the transformed Eulerian mean equation for the mean zonal wind, it is investigated which term is responsible for the transition. The results indicate that the wave forcing term contributes to the transition and the term of the residual meridional circulation acts to restore the transition. A decomposition of the wave forcing to tonal wave component indicates that planetary-scale wavenumbers 2 and 3 contribute most to the transition. The synoptic-scale waves contribute partly to the low-latitude wind change.In the perpetual February run, a slowly propagating AO-related stratosphere-troposphere coupled mode, is detected. Its oscillation period is 4-6 months. The anomaly of the zonal-mean, zonal wind first appears in the subtropical stratosphere and propagates poleward. Once the anomaly reaches high latitude, it becomes large and propagates into the troposphere.

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A Hemispheric-Scale Quasi-Decadal Oscillation and Its Signature in Northern Japan

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Summer Arctic Atmospheric Circulation Response to Spring Eurasian Snow Cover and Its Possible Linkage to Accelerated Sea Ice Decrease

Summer Arctic Atmospheric Circulation Response to Spring Eurasian Snow Cover and Its Possible Linkage to Accelerated Sea Ice Decrease

The influence of the winter Arctic oscillation on the northern Russia spring temperature

Analysis of the Arctic Oscillation Simulated by AGCM

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