Cytokinin receptor antagonists derived from 6-benzylaminopurine

Nisler, Jaroslav; Zatloukal, Marek; Popa, Igor; Doležal, Karel; Strnad, Miroslav; Spíchal, Lukáš

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.01.018

Cited by 54 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The subcellular localisation of CK receptors that was recently discoverd calls for the revision of the CK signalling model and promises new exciting plots within the CK story. Structural insights into how CK bindis to the CRE1/AHK4 receptor (Hothorn et al 2011) should accelerate the search for CK receptor antagonists that might have interesting applications in agriculture Nisler et al 2010) as root-growth promoting substances (Arata et al 2010). Similarly, due to the finding that CKX activity is a determinant of generative organ development and yield (Ashikari et al 2005;Bartrina et al 2011), great potential lies ahead for the practical use of deregulation of CK degradation by transgenic approaches or by chemical inhibition of CKX activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinins - recent news and views of evolutionally old molecules

Spíchal¹

2012

Functional Plant Biol.

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Cytokinins (CKs) are evolutionally old and highly conserved low-mass molecules that have been identified in almost all known organisms. In plants, they evolved into an important group of plant hormones controlling many physiological and developmental processes throughout the whole lifespan of the plant. CKs and their functions are, however, not unique to plants. In this review, the strategies and mechanisms of plants – and phylogenetically distinct plant-interacting organisms such as bacteria, fungi, nematodes and insects employing CKs or regulation of CK status in plants – are described and put into their evolutionary context. The major breakthroughs made in the last decade in the fields of CK biosynthesis, degradation and signalling are also summarised.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinins - recent news and views of evolutionally old molecules

Spíchal¹

2012

Functional Plant Biol.

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154

169

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“…LVS when used at 1 mM or at a lower concentration is known to act in blocking specifically the synthesis of the CK precursor from the mevalonate pathway (Alberts, 1988;Crowell and Salaz, 1992;Hartig and Beck, 2005). PI-55 and LGR-991 are inhibitors of CK perception, acting, respectively, as competitors of the CK receptors Arabidopsis His kinase AHK4 and AHK3/4 (Spíchal et al, 2009;Nisler et al, 2010). PI-55 and LGR-991 up to a concentration of 5 mM were shown to be active in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings with no toxic effect (Bergougnoux et al, 2012).…”

Section: Exogenous Applications Of Chemicals and Growth Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinins Are Initial Targets of Light in the Control of Bud Outgrowth

et al. 2016

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Bud outgrowth is controlled by environmental and endogenous factors. Through the use of the photosynthesis inhibitor norflurazon and of masking experiments, evidence is given here that light acts mainly as a morphogenic signal in the triggering of bud outgrowth and that initial steps in the light signaling pathway involve cytokinins (CKs). Indeed, in rose (Rosa hybrida), inhibition of bud outgrowth by darkness is suppressed solely by the application of CKs. In contrast, application of sugars has a limited effect. Exposure of plants to white light (WL) induces a rapid (after 3-6 h of WL exposure) up-regulation of CK synthesis (RhIPT3 and RhIPT5), of CK activation (RhLOG8), and of CK putative transporter RhPUP5 genes and to the repression of the CK degradation RhCKX1 gene in the node. This leads to the accumulation of CKs in the node within 6 h and in the bud at 24 h and to the triggering of bud outgrowth. Molecular analysis of genes involved in major mechanisms of bud outgrowth (strigolactone signaling [RwMAX2], metabolism and transport of auxin [RhPIN1, RhYUC1, and RhTAR1], regulation of sugar sink strength [RhVI, RhSUSY, RhSUC2, and RhSWEET10], and cell division and expansion [RhEXP and RhPCNA]) reveal that, when supplied in darkness, CKs up-regulate their expression as rapidly and as intensely as WL. Additionally, up-regulation of CKs by WL promotes xylem flux toward the bud, as evidenced by Methylene Blue accumulation in the bud after CK treatment in the dark. Altogether, these results suggest that CKs are initial components of the light signaling pathway that controls the initiation of bud outgrowth.

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“…As an indication of reduced CK perceptions, positive effects on rooting parameters have been demonstrated [21]. Together with other newly discovered CK antagonists such as (2,5-dihydroxybenzylamino)purine (LRG-991) [45] and 6-(benzyloxymethyl)adenosine (BOMA) [46], PI-55 may serve as a valuable chemical for better understanding of plant response during micropropagation. In addition, these compounds may be helpful for the manipulation and regulation of micropropagation protocols as well as elucidation of the physiological basis for the in vitro-induced physiological disorders.…”

Section: Role Of Incyde Pi-55 and Plant Growth Regulators On In Vitrmentioning

confidence: 99%