Dissecting the role of two cytokinin analogues (INCYDE and PI-55) on in vitro organogenesis, phytohormone accumulation, phytochemical content and antioxidant activity

Aremu, Adeyemi O.; Stirk, Wendy A.; Plačková, Lenka; Novák, Ondřej; Pěnčík, Aleš; Zatloukal, Marek; Nisler, Jaroslav; Spíchal, Lukáš; Doležal, Karel; Finnie, J.F.; Staden, J. Van

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.05.018

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Wogonoside in particular is interesting as this flavonoid is very active against lipid peroxidation [76]. The medicinally important plant Eucomis autumnalis has been treated with 0.01, 0.1 and 10 µM of 2-chloro-6-(3-methoxyphenylamino)purine (INCYDE) and CK antagonist 6-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylamino)purine (PI-55) alone or in combination with BAP or naphthaleneacetic acid and the antioxidant response was evaluated in 10-week-old in vitro regenerates [77]. The levels of phytochemicals, especially those of flavonoids, were significantly affected by both tested compounds PI-55 as well as INCYDE.…”

Section: Ability Of Cks and Ck Derivatives To Improve The Antioxidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, INCYDE application significantly increased the antioxidant activity of E. autumnalis in the DPPH test. On the other hand, the beta -carotene test was unaffected by INCYDE, however it was enhanced by BAP when it was used as a control [77]. Significantly improved antioxidant activity in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay was observed after one application of INCYDE in field-grown lettuce [78].…”

Section: Ability Of Cks and Ck Derivatives To Improve The Antioxidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Cytokinins in Senescence, Antioxidant Defence and Photosynthesis

Hönig

Plíhalová

Husičková

et al. 2018

IJMS

Self Cite

136

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Cytokinins modulate a number of important developmental processes, including the last phase of leaf development, known as senescence, which is associated with chlorophyll breakdown, photosynthetic apparatus disintegration and oxidative damage. There is ample evidence that cytokinins can slow down all these senescence-accompanying changes. Here, we review relationships between the various mechanisms of action of these regulatory molecules. We highlight their connection to photosynthesis, the pivotal process that generates assimilates, however may also lead to oxidative damage. Thus, we also focus on cytokinin induction of protective responses against oxidative damage. Activation of antioxidative enzymes in senescing tissues is described as well as changes in the levels of naturally occurring antioxidative compounds, such as phenolic acids and flavonoids, in plant explants. The main goal of this review is to show how the biological activities of cytokinins may be related to their chemical structure. New links between molecular aspects of natural cytokinins and their synthetic derivatives with antisenescent properties are described. Structural motifs in cytokinin molecules that may explain why these molecules play such a significant regulatory role are outlined.

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Section: Ability Of Cks and Ck Derivatives To Improve The Antioxidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ability Of Cks and Ck Derivatives To Improve The Antioxidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Cytokinins in Senescence, Antioxidant Defence and Photosynthesis

Hönig

Plíhalová

Husičková

et al. 2018

IJMS

Self Cite

136

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“…In myc - WT plants subjected to either BAP or INCYDE, levels of the NT fraction tended to decrease and those of the PACK fraction to increase (Figure 8A,D). These changes were expected (Aremu et al, 2015) and likely reflect the perception by the treated plants of higher levels of CKs caused by either the exogenous application of BAP or the inhibition of cytokinin dehydrogenases (CKX). As a response to the increased endogenous PACK levels, plants likely down-regulate their CK biosynthesis, leading to a decrease of the CK precursor molecules, i.e., the NT fraction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Consequently, E151 would accumulate NTs that are not being further transformed. Interestingly, when Eucomis autumnalis , a species from the Asparagaceae family, was treated with 10 μM PI-55, no change in the NT levels was observed; however, when it was treated with 0.1 μM PI-55, a large increase in that fraction was noticed (Aremu et al, 2015). These differential effects highlight that responses may depend on the plant species and possibly growth conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Stimulatory Role for Cytokinin in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis of Pea

et al. 2019

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The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis between terrestrial plants and AM fungi is regulated by plant hormones. For most of these, a role has been clearly assigned in this mutualistic interaction; however, there are still contradictory reports for cytokinin (CK). Here, pea plants, the wild type (WT) cv. Sparkle and its mutant E151 (Pssym15), were inoculated with the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. E151 has previously been characterized as possessing high CK levels in non-mycorrhizal (myc-) roots and exhibiting high number of fungal structures in mycorrhizal (myc+) roots. Myc- and myc+ plants were treated 7, 9, and 11 days after inoculation (DAI) with synthetic compounds known to alter CK status. WT plants were treated with a synthetic CK [6-benzylaminopurine (BAP)] or the CK degradation inhibitor INCYDE, whereas E151 plants were treated with the CK receptor antagonist PI-55. At 13 DAI, plant CK content was analyzed by mass spectrometry. The effects of the synthetic compounds on AM colonization were assessed at 28 (WT) or 35 (E151) DAI via a modified magnified intersections method. The only noticeable difference seen between myc- and myc+ plants in terms of CK content was in the levels of nucleotides (NTs). Whereas WT plants responded to fungi by lowering their NT levels, E151 plants did not. Since NTs are thought to be converted into active CK forms, this result suggests that active CKs were synthesized more effectively in WT than in E151. In general, myc+ and myc- WT plants responded similarly to INCYDE by lowering significantly their NT levels and increasing slightly their active CK levels; these responses were less obvious in BAP-treated WT plants. In contrast, the response of E151 plants to PI-55 depended on the plant mycorrhizal status. Whereas treated myc- plants exhibited high NT and low active CK levels, treated myc+ plants displayed low levels of both NTs and active CKs. Moreover, treated WT plants were more colonized than treated E151 plants. We concluded that CKs have a stimulatory role in AM colonization because increased active CK levels were paralleled with increased AM colonization while decreased CK levels corresponded to reduced AM colonization.

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“…The A-type RRs are stabilized by their phosphorylation and they are negative regulators of cytokinin response, but Btyp of RRs, which can bind to DNA and start expression of cytokinin-sensitive genes after their phosphorylation 14,22−29 . We proposed that monophosphates interacting with HK4 or, eventually with HK3, whose presence in faba bean we suggested, evoking e ux of Ca 2+ , activated ETH-dependent cell death process regulators. This hypothesis was based on the data showing that (i) ETH and CKs interacted at the level of signal transduction 29,30 as well as Kin (ii) elevated ACC amount 3 , and (iii) evoked e ux of Ca 2+ to cytosol 3 , nally forming aerenchyma 3,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of kinetin-induced death of Vicia faba ssp. minor cortex cells

Kaźmierczak¹,

Kunikowska²,

Doniak³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Cell death (CD) takes part in the control of all the steps of plant development. It may be induced by endogenous or exogenous factors. This paper presents the results related to mechanism of CD regulation induced by kinetin (Kin) in root cortex of Vicia faba ssp. minor. To explain the process 6-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylamino)purine (PI-55), adenine (Ad), 5'-amine-5'-deoxyadenosine (Ado) and N-(2-chloro-4-piridylo)-N’-phenylurea (CPPU) were applied to (i) block cytokinins (CKs) receptors and toinhibit the activity of (ii) kinases, (iii) oxidases and (iv) phosphoribosyltransferase, respectively. Moreover, ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) and cyclosporine (CsA) were applied to inactivate calcium ion (Ca2+) channels (i) across all membranes (ALM-Ca2+), including (ii) endoplasmic reticulum (ER-Ca2+) and (iii) mitochondria (MIT-Ca2+), respectively. The effects of these factors were measured by estimation of vitality of cortex cells and amounts of cytosolic Ca2+. Additionally, the role of Sorafenib, inhibitor of RAF kinase, on vitality of cortex cells and ethylene amount as well as the activities of Raf-like kinase and MEK2 with Syntide and Mek2 as substrates, were studied. The results of the paper clarified the suggestion that Kin was converted directly or indirectly to appropriate ribotides (5’-monophosphate ribonucleotides) which cooperated with ethylene and calcium ions signaling pathway activating CD by Kin (Kin-ECD) exogenously (E). Based on the present and previously published results, the scheme of the crosstalk between ethylene signaling MAP kinases, CKs receptor and enzymes of their metabolism in induction of Kin-ECD is proposed.

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Dissecting the role of two cytokinin analogues (INCYDE and PI-55) on in vitro organogenesis, phytohormone accumulation, phytochemical content and antioxidant activity

Cited by 18 publications

References 65 publications

Role of Cytokinins in Senescence, Antioxidant Defence and Photosynthesis

Role of Cytokinins in Senescence, Antioxidant Defence and Photosynthesis

A Stimulatory Role for Cytokinin in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis of Pea

Mechanism of kinetin-induced death of Vicia faba ssp. minor cortex cells

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