Abstract:O mercado de trabalho está sujeito a constantes variações nos níveis de emprego e salários reais frente aos choques econômicos. As políticas macroeconômicas, sejam elas fiscais, monetárias ou cambiais, têm efeito sobre o emprego e o salário devido à interação entre os vários mercados. Segundo a abordagem neoclássica, qualquer rigidez nesses mercados deve ocasionar o desemprego dos fatores utilizados, principalmente o desemprego de mão-de-obra. Se a economia funciona, portanto, com preços flexíveis, choques de … Show more
“…For the same period and with similar methodology, Souza and Machado (2004) estimate an unemployment elasticity estimate of -0.23 for urban areas and -0.06 for rural areas, a clear reflection of the concentration of informal jobs with low payments in rural areas. Reis (2006) uses aggregated data for the 1990-1999 period in order to estimate a dynamic wage curve for different skill levels.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Previous literature on the wage curve for Brazil includes Garcia (2002), Souza and Machado (2004), Reis (2006), Santolin and Antigo (2009) and Silva and Monsueto (2012). All of these studies use the same survey (Brazilian National Household Survey).…”
Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public.
Terms of use:
Documents in
D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.IZA Discussion Paper No. 8468 September 2014
ABSTRACTThe Brazilian Wage Curve: New Evidence from the National Household Survey This paper reconsiders the Brazilian wage curve using individual data from the National Household Survey at 27 Federative Units over the period 2002 -2009. We find evidence in favor of the Brazilian wage curve with an unemployment elasticity of -0.08 when the lagged unemployment rate is used as an instrument for current unemployment rate. We also find that males in Brazil are significantly more responsive to local unemployment rates (-0.13) than their female counterparts. In fact, we find that the unemployment elasticity for women is statistically insignificant. Applying gender specific unemployment rates, the elasticity for men decreases to -0.09, while the elasticity for women remains statistically insignificant. This paper also finds that the estimates for Brazilian wage curve are completely different for the case of formal and informal workers.
JEL Classification:C26, J30, J60
“…For the same period and with similar methodology, Souza and Machado (2004) estimate an unemployment elasticity estimate of -0.23 for urban areas and -0.06 for rural areas, a clear reflection of the concentration of informal jobs with low payments in rural areas. Reis (2006) uses aggregated data for the 1990-1999 period in order to estimate a dynamic wage curve for different skill levels.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Previous literature on the wage curve for Brazil includes Garcia (2002), Souza and Machado (2004), Reis (2006), Santolin and Antigo (2009) and Silva and Monsueto (2012). All of these studies use the same survey (Brazilian National Household Survey).…”
Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. www.econstor.eu The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn is a local and virtual international research center and a place of communication between science, politics and business. IZA is an independent nonprofit organization supported by Deutsche Post Foundation. The center is associated with the University of Bonn and offers a stimulating research environment through its international network, workshops and conferences, data service, project support, research visits and doctoral program. IZA engages in (i) original and internationally competitive research in all fields of labor economics, (ii) development of policy concepts, and (iii) dissemination of research results and concepts to the interested public.
Terms of use:
Documents in
D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E SIZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.IZA Discussion Paper No. 8468 September 2014
ABSTRACTThe Brazilian Wage Curve: New Evidence from the National Household Survey This paper reconsiders the Brazilian wage curve using individual data from the National Household Survey at 27 Federative Units over the period 2002 -2009. We find evidence in favor of the Brazilian wage curve with an unemployment elasticity of -0.08 when the lagged unemployment rate is used as an instrument for current unemployment rate. We also find that males in Brazil are significantly more responsive to local unemployment rates (-0.13) than their female counterparts. In fact, we find that the unemployment elasticity for women is statistically insignificant. Applying gender specific unemployment rates, the elasticity for men decreases to -0.09, while the elasticity for women remains statistically insignificant. This paper also finds that the estimates for Brazilian wage curve are completely different for the case of formal and informal workers.
JEL Classification:C26, J30, J60
“…Wage determination in Brazil has changed significantly over the past few decades (Carneiro & Henley, 1998), with unions acting more intensively in the bargaining process after the mid-1990s. Souza and Machado (2004) found that labor markets in urban areas (À0.23) were much more flexible than those in rural areas (À0.06) (PNAD data, 1981(PNAD data, -1999. Santolin and Antigo (2009) found that the wage curve seems to be non-dynamic in six metropolitan regions (PNAD data, 1997(PNAD data, -2005, but there is a higher wage flexibility for the whole group of workers (À0.15) than for formal workers (À0.05).…”
This study aims to shed new empirical light on the importance of the wage curve in a developing economy. The main contribution to the empirical literature is related to the analysis being conducted at different regional levels of a developing economy. This indicates that municipal‐level data seems to be more adequate for wage curve evaluation, and that spatial dependency should be considered to adequately control for local labor market characteristics. Results for Brazil show that wage flexibility is higher in less dense local labor markets and in the informal sector. Controlling for unobserved local characteristics is necessary to obtain the ‘true’ elasticity of wages with respect to local unemployment rates, while spatial autocorrelation effects should be accounted for when the spatial unit of analysis is rather small to consider the interactions that happen inside a specific labor market area. Finally, a significant part of the difference in outcomes between formal and informal sectors appears to originate from spatial–economic dependence effects, indicating that labor market areas are more suitable for such analysis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.