RESUMOObjetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar as diferenças florísticas e estruturais entre dois fragmentos contíguos de caatinga sujeitos a intervenções antrópicas na Paraíba. respectively. The Sørensen's similarity index between the areas was 79%. Poincianella pyramidalis, Mimosa tenuiflora, Aspidosperma pyrifolium, Croton blanchetianus, and Combretum leprosum were the richest species found in both areas. The floristic and structural parameters measured in both areas showed differences between them, most likely because of the different levels of anthropic intervention, which were larger in the B area.
Crescimento inicial de mudas deEnterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. sob diferentes níveis de luminosidade RES UMOPara o aprofundamento no estudo do tamboril (Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong.) avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes níveis de luminosidade no desenvolvimento inicial de mudas. Os níveis foram estudados a pleno sol, 20, 40, 60 e 80% de sombreamento em relação à luz plena do dia. Analisou-se a sobrevivência, altura e diâmetro do coleto das plantas em função do sombreamento, aos 7, 14 e 25 dias após a semeadura e se determinou, ao término do experimento, o comprimento da raiz, peso seco da raiz e parte aérea. Dentre os níveis estudados, os de pleno sol e 20% de sombreamento demonstraram os melhores resultados. Palavras-chave: tamboril, qualidades de mudas, sombreamentoInitial growth of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. seedlings under different luminosity levels A B S T R A C TThe effect of different levels of luminosity in the initial development of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. seedlings was evaluated. The studied levels were full light, 20, 40, 60 and 80% of shading in relation to the full light of the day. The survival, height and diameter, in function of shading in the 7, 14 and 25 days after the sowing, and the length of the root and the dry weight of the root and the aerial part were evaluated at the end of the experiment. The full light and 20% of shade showed the best results.
MARIA DO CARMO LEARTH CUNHA 2 ; ROBÉRIO ANASTÁCIO FERREIRA 3 RESUMO -Os objetivos deste trabalho foram descrever e ilustrar os aspectos morfológicos da semente e do desenvolvimento da planta jovem de Amburana cearensis. Os frutos foram coletados de cinco matrizes distantes no mínimo 100m, levando-se em consideração o aspecto fitossanitário e a intensidade de frutificação. O endocarpo permanece aderido à semente formando uma ala, mesmo após a deiscência; o hilo apresenta fenda longitudinal típica da sub-família; a germinação é do tipo semi-hipógea fanerocotiledonar e, com o desenvolvimento observou-se a presença de uma tuberosidade na raiz primária. Os caracteres descritos e ilustrados mostraram-se bastante homogêneos entre as cinco matrizes, podendo ser empregados para identificação da referida espécie, tanto em trabalhos de laboratório e de produção de mudas quanto em estudos ecológicos.Termos para indexação: morfologia, sementes, plântulas, planta jovem, Amburana cearensis. MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SEED AND SEEDLINGS DEVELOPMENT OF Amburana cearensis (Arr. Cam.) A.C. Smith -CUMARU -LEUMINOSAE PAPILIONOIDEAEABSTRACT -The objectives of this research were to describe and to illustrate the morphological aspects of seeds and the aspects of seedlings development of Amburana cearensis. The fruits were harvested from five trees 100m distant each other, considering the sanity aspects and quantity of fruits produced. The endocarp stays attached to the seed like a wing after dehiscence; the hilum showed a longitudinal grove, common in the sub-family; the germination is semi-hypogeous phanerocotylar and the primary root in the seedlings phase is tuberous. The characters described and illustrated were constant between the five trees and can be used to identify the species in laboratory, nursery and ecological studies.
Resumo: Este trabalho estuda os diferenciais e os determinantes salariais dos empregados na agricultura brasileira, no período de 1981 a 2005, com base nas informações das Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD), do IBGE. Foi utilizada a metodologia de Heckman para corrigir viés de seleção, comum em equações salariais estimadas por Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários, além da decomposição de Oaxaca-Blinder, para analisar os diferenciais salariais entre 1981 e 2005. Entre os determinantes salariais, foram analisados: educação, experiência, gênero, região, tempo semanal de trabalho e carteira de trabalho, além de alguns determinantes macroeconômicos. Os resultados do trabalho sugerem uma redução dos diferenciais salariais, principalmente no final do período estudado, e que as variáveis educação, idade e carteira de trabalho contribuíram para reduzir os diferencias salariais entre 1981 e 2005; e por outro lado, as variáveis gênero, região geográfica e tempo semanal de trabalho, contribuíram para aumentá-los. Além disso, as variáveis macroeconômicas incluídas na análise foram estatisticamente significativas na explicação dos diferenciais salariais agrícolas.
PurposeThis article aims to analyze the workers' probabilities of following their parents’ occupational legacy and whether these individuals are paid differently compared to those who opted for occupations different from their parents, in Brazil.Design/methodology/approachTo that end, the occupational legacy probability equation was estimated as the quantile wage equations with sample selection bias correction and the wage decomposition for Brazil from the microdata of the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) of 2014. It was found that families have a strong influence on the process of choosing the careers of their children. The average probability of a young person following the occupational legacy of their parents was 41.63%. This percentage is different when analyzing different groups of individuals, such as being male or female, being in a traditional or single parent family, being in an income household lower or higher per capita.FindingsThe results also confirm the hypothesis that workers who tend to follow the occupational legacy have lower wages than individuals who choose other occupations and that this may cause a “poverty trap” since the lower the salary quantile, the stronger the “trap” as economically disadvantaged young people tend to follow in their parents' footsteps and to contribute to family income they face a tradeoff, opt between work or study, which ends up disrupting their education and forcing young people to entering the job market early, performing secondary occupations with lower income and arduous work, generating a “vicious cycle of poverty”.Research limitations/implicationsGiven the database, we are comprised to its most recent version.Practical implicationsThis is the first work on Latin American problem of occupational legacy.Originality/valueThis is the first work on Latin American problem of occupational legacy.
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