Cure reactions in the blend of cyanate ester with maleimide

Abstract

Cure reactions of a bismaleimide (4,4 0 -bismaleimidodiphenylmethane, BMI) associated with a liquid aromatic dicyanate ester (1,1 0 -bis(4-cyanatophenyl)ethane, BEDCy) and with a powder type aromatic dicyanate ester (bisphenol A dicyanate, BADCy) were investigated by in situ FTIR and DSC dynamic scanning. In non-catalyzed blend systems, co-reactions between dicyanate ester and bismaleimide always occur, and hence the formation of pyrimidine and/or pyridine structures take place. Pyrimidine structures always predominate. Probable reaction paths were also proposed for various formulations of hybrid blends. In addition, N-phenylmaleimide (MI) and p-phenyl-phenylcyanate (SCy) were utilized as model compounds and mixed via a melting method and a solution method to explore the corresponding cure reactions by means of FTIR, DSC and NMR. 13 C NMR spectra of the model compounds demonstrated the formation of linkages of sym-triazine rings, pyrimidine structures, pyridine structures and dioxazine structures. The reaction mechanism or linkage structures produced in the model compound system studied may be somewhat different from those of the real system due to a diffusion effect in real systems or to the different activation energy in both systems. q

Silane functionalization of graphene oxide and its use as a reinforcement in bismaleimide composites

“…However, the cured resin is extremely brittle because of its high cross-link density. Several efforts have been focused on the toughening modification of BMI resin [15][16][17]. One of the most desirable methods for improvement is the copolymerization of BMI with allyl compounds such as O,O 0 -diallyl bisphenol A (DBA), O,O 0 -diallyl bispihenol A ether, allylated novolac, and allylated xylok [18,19].…”

High glass transition temperature bismaleimide‐triazine resins based on soluble amorphous bismaleimide monomer

“…The two absorptions weakened as the temperature raised and finally disappeared after BT60 was cured at 2608C for 2 h, while the absorption at 1560 cm 21 assigned to the absorption of triazine appeared and strengthened. 30 It suggested that BADCy self-polymerized and gave a triazine structure (I). Absorption at 690 cm 21 belonged to carbon-carbon double bond of maleimide 31 weakened as the cure temperature rose, which implied that the homopolymerization of DOPO-BMI (II) or the co-curing of DOPO-BMI and BADCy occurred at high temperatures.…”

A cyanate ester/microcapsule system with low cure temperature and self-healing capacity

“…The approaches include addition of high-thermoplastic tougheners [12][13][14], rubber inclusions [15][16][17][18], inorganic or organic fillers [19][20][21][22][23], thermosetting resins [24,25], and flexible molecules [26][27][28]. However, these methods are largely ineffective in restoring strength to cracked or damaged material.…”