CuO nanoparticle–humic acid (CuONP–HA) composite contaminant removal by coagulation/ultrafiltration process: The application of sodium alginate as coagulant aid

Effect of Dissolved Organic Matter on Agglomeration and Removal of CuO Nanoparticles by Coagulation

“…These results indicate that the dominant removal mechanism of CuO NPs from water containing DOM might be charge neutralization. This is in accordance with the mechanism proposed by several studies working on the removal of NPs using iron-and aluminum-based coagulants [20,23,26,27]. The pH of the suspension was monitored after the completion of the experiment, which showed insignificant variation (Supplementary Figure S1).…”

Application of Enteromorpha polysaccharides as a new coagulant aid to remove silver nanoparticles: role of dosage sequence and solution pH

“…The dispersion of AgNPs (50 mg L À1 ) was prepared by dissolving 50 mg of AgNPs in 1 L ultrapure water, and then ultrasonic treatment was conducted twice for a cycle of 1 h. The preparation of HA stock solution (1g L À1 ) can be found in previous study. 7 HA stock solution (100 mL) was added into AgNPs dispersion (1 L), and then mixed with a magnetic stirrer for 30 min, followed by ultrasonic treatment for another 15 min. Finally, the solution was diluted to 10 L to prepare synthetic AgNPs-HA test water.…”

“…The preparation method of PAC (10.0 g L À1 ) could be available in previous study. 7 Ep was extracted from fresh Enteromorpha, which could be obtained from coastal cities. According to optimization results of pre-experiments, the preparation details of Ep were shown as follows: (1) dried Enteromorpha was crushed and then mixed with deionized water at a mass ratio of 1 : 70; (2) the mixture was extracted by ultrasonic for 30 min and then heated in a water bath for 4 h at 90 C; (3) supernatant was enriched to 20% of its original volume to obtain Ep crude extract solution; (4) excess alcohol was added followed by precipitation for 2 h; (5) the precipitates were dried by a lyophilizer, which was donated as Ep.…”

“…These interactions enhance the stability of the suspension system and make it more complicated to remove both AgNPs and HA from water. 6,7 More seriously, the adsorbed HA will enhance Ag + release from nanoparticles, which further aggravates the biological toxicity of AgNPs. 8 Therefore, it is necessary to explore effective techniques for AgNP removal.…”

Polysaccharides derived from Enteromorpha prolifera for the removal of silver nanoparticle-humic acid contaminants by a coagulation-ultrafiltration process

“…This interaction enhances the stability of the suspension system and makes it more complex to remove both AgNPs and HA from water. 10,11 Therefore, there is a great need to explore effective removal techniques of AgNPs to avoid pollution events.…”