CsPbBr₃ Perovskite Quantum Dot Vertical Cavity Lasers with Low Threshold and High Stability

Abstract

All-inorganic cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr 3 ) perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have recently emerged as highly promising solution-processed materials for nextgeneration light-emitting applications. They combine the advantages of QD and perovskite materials, which makes them an attractive platform for achieving high optical gain with high stability. Here, we report an ultralow lasing threshold (0.39 μJ/cm 2 ) from a hybrid vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) structure consisting of a CsPbBr 3 QD thin film and two highly reflective distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). Temperature dependence of the lasing threshold and longterm stability of the device were also characterized. Notably, the CsPbBr 3 QDs provide superior stability and enable stable device operation over 5 h/1.8 × 10 7 optical pulse excitations under ambient conditions. This work demonstrates the significant potential of CsPbBr 3 perovskite QD VCSELs for highly reliable lasers, capable of operating in the short-pulse (femtosecond) and quasi-continuous-wave (nanosecond) regimes.

Ultrastable CsPbBr3 Perovskite Quantum Dot and Their Enhanced Amplified Spontaneous Emission by Surface Ligand Modification

“…Particularly, perovskite QDs have emerged as the new generation of gain optical materials for amplified spontaneous emissions (ASEs) and lasers because of their high PLQY . In comparison with CsPbI 3 and CsPbCl 3 , CsPbBr 3 exhibits remarkable PLQY features and improved stability; therefore, most reports focused on the low‐threshold ASE of CsPbBr 3 QDs, or equipping them with external optically cavity configurations to achieve coherent laser output . Historically, the ASE performance of CsPbBr 3 QD thin films was reported by Yakunin et al under the femtosecond and nanosecond laser excitation.…”

Composite Structures with Emissive Quantum Dots for Light Enhancement

“…One of the example is to fabricate a DBR substrate by using TiO 2 and SiO 2 particles as high and low refractive index layers (Figure b) . By sandwiching a QD layer into the DBR substrates, a single‐mode laser with narrow FWHM can be achieved (Figure c) …”

Advances in inorganic and hybrid perovskites for miniaturized lasers

“…Furthermore, the stimulated emission lifetime could sustain as long as ~200 ps. Since then, studies on miniaturized lasers from perovskite semiconductors have experienced explosive growth and have led to great advances in lasing performance [12][13][14][15][16]. Owing to their ultracompact physical size and highly localized coherent output, perovskite nanostructures, such as nanowires (NWs) and nanoplate (NPs), are promising building blocks for fully integrated nanoscale photonic and optoelectronic devices.…”

“…For example, Zhang et al demonstrated that the remarkable whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) nanolasers of perovskite NPs can be easily integrated onto conductive platforms, such as Si, Au and indium tin oxide (ITO), which have shown great promise for the related on-chip integration [13]. In addition to the nanolasers based on the individual nanostructured devices, a photonic cavity can also utilize external optical cavities, including SiO 2 spheres [17,18], distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) [14,19], photonic crystal (PC) [7,20] and so on, which increased the versatility of nanolaser configurations. Due to the rapid progress, substantial reviews on the perovskite lasing have been carried out, including those on quantum dots, NW and NP lasers [15,[21][22][23][24][25].…”