Corrosion of uranium in liquid water under contained conditions with a headspace deuterium overpressure. Part 2: The ternary U + H2O(l) + D2 system

Banos, A.; Hallam, K; Scott, Thomas Bligh

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2019.02.016

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…56 The corrosion reaction forms an expansive metal oxide layer around the metal inclusions, usually accompanied with a significant release of hydrogen gas. [57][58][59] Moreover, the thickness of the developed corrosion product layer can be important with respect to the metal inclusion, and the transformation process may in theory be complete if reactants are available (the whole inclusion can be transformed into corrosion products). This volume expansion associated with the formation of the corrosion products (metal oxide) can generate spurious micro-cracks in the cement matrix.…”

Section: Industrial Example: Waste Package Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the presence of free‐water in the pores induces a progressive corrosion of reactive metal inclusions 56 . The corrosion reaction forms an expansive metal oxide layer around the metal inclusions, usually accompanied with a significant release of hydrogen gas 57‐59 . Moreover, the thickness of the developed corrosion product layer can be important with respect to the metal inclusion, and the transformation process may in theory be complete if reactants are available (the whole inclusion can be transformed into corrosion products).…”

Section: Numerical Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A k‐means clustering machine learning‐based multiscale method for anelastic heterogeneous structures with internal variables

Benaimeche

Yvonnet

Bary

et al. 2022

Numerical Meth Engineering

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A new machine-learning based multiscale method, called k-means FE 2 , is introduced to solve general nonlinear multiscale problems with internal variables and loading history-dependent behaviors, without use of surrogate models. The macro scale problem is reduced by constructing clusters of Gauss points in a structure which are estimated to be in the same mechanical state. A k-means clustering-machine learning technique is employed to select the Gauss points based on their strain state and sets of internal variables. Then, for all Gauss points in a cluster, only one micro nonlinear problem is solved, and its response is transferred to all integration points of the cluster in terms of mechanical properties. The solution converges with respect to the number of clusters, which is weakly depends on the number of macro mesh elements. Accelerations of FE 2 calculations up to a factor 50 are observed in typical applications. Arbitrary nonlinear behaviors including internal variables can be considered at the micro level. The method is applied to heterogeneous structures with local quasi-brittle and elastoplastic behaviors and, in particular, to a nuclear waste package structure subject to internal expansions.

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Section: Industrial Example: Waste Package Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Numerical Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A k‐means clustering machine learning‐based multiscale method for anelastic heterogeneous structures with internal variables

Benaimeche

Yvonnet

Bary

et al. 2022

Numerical Meth Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…13 Fourth, in the conversion stage of bulk metal to UH 3 , the hydride layer grows into the metal until the metal is completely converted into metal hydrides. 14 The early incipient stages including the induction stage and the initial hydride nucleation and growth stage largely determine the rates of all hydrogen reactions. 4,15 Although "growth centers" and bulk reaction have been extensively explored, the induction stage and the nucleation mechanism of hydrides are still ambiguous.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, in the bulk reaction stage, a continuous hydride layer is formed via the coalescence of discrete hydride sites . Fourth, in the conversion stage of bulk metal to UH 3 , the hydride layer grows into the metal until the metal is completely converted into metal hydrides . The early incipient stages including the induction stage and the initial hydride nucleation and growth stage largely determine the rates of all hydrogen reactions. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Analysis of the Initial Deuteride Formation of Deuterium–Cerium Reactions under a Controlled Gas Flow

et al. 2020

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Metrics & MoreArticle RecommendationsABSTRACT: "Real-life" metals inevitably form the oxide layer, thus leading to complex initial hydriding processes, which are still unclear because of the experimental challenges in monitoring elemental steps including surface sorption, permeation, and concentration of hydrogen. In this study, the deuteride precipitation caused by the concentration of deuterium was successfully measured by the in situ small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) method, which used a selfdesigned reaction chamber to give rise to the scattering signals of the surface structure. In addition, in the measurements of activated cerium samples, surface sorption of deuterium could be modified to form a constant flow in order to further explore the initial hydriding processes. The formation of deuterides was found to occur as soon as deuterium was absorbed in the samples with a thin oxide layer and the subsequent growth of deuterides depended on the amount of consumed D 2 . However, the sample with a thick oxide layer showed the delayed precipitation of deuterides and the decelerated subsequent growth of deuterides without inhibiting the surface absorption of deuterium. The in situ SANS method showed the high sensitivity to the deuteride phase on the surface at a deuterium amount of 0.2 μmol cm −2 D 2 for cerium and a great potential in exploring the mechanism of early incipient stages of hydrogen reactions.

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A review of the mechanisms, reaction products and parameters affecting uranium corrosion in water

Banos

Burrows

Scott

2021

Coordination Chemistry Reviews

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Corrosion of uranium in liquid water under contained conditions with a headspace deuterium overpressure. Part 2: The ternary U + H2O(l) + D2 system

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

A k‐means clustering machine learning‐based multiscale method for anelastic heterogeneous structures with internal variables

A k‐means clustering machine learning‐based multiscale method for anelastic heterogeneous structures with internal variables

In Situ Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Analysis of the Initial Deuteride Formation of Deuterium–Cerium Reactions under a Controlled Gas Flow

A review of the mechanisms, reaction products and parameters affecting uranium corrosion in water

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