Correction: Biased but in Doubt: Conflict and Decision Confidence

Abstract

Human reasoning is often biased by intuitive heuristics. A central question is whether the bias results from a failure to detect that the intuitions conflict with traditional normative considerations or from a failure to discard the tempting intuitions. The present study addressed this unresolved debate by using people's decision confidence as a nonverbal index of conflict detection. Participants were asked to indicate how confident they were after solving classic base-rate (Experiment 1) and conjunction fallacy (Experiment 2) problems in which a cued intuitive response could be inconsistent or consistent with the traditional correct response. Results indicated that reasoners showed a clear confidence decrease when they gave an intuitive response that conflicted with the normative response. Contrary to popular belief, this establishes that people seem to acknowledge that their intuitive answers are not fully warranted. Experiment 3 established that younger reasoners did not yet show the confidence decrease, which points to the role of improved bias awareness in our reasoning development. Implications for the long standing debate on human rationality are discussed.

Conflict Detection and Logical Complexity

“…For example, reasoners who answer intuitively to conflict problems need more time (Bonner & Newell, 2010; De Neys & Glumicic, 2008; Pennycook, Trippas, Handley, & Thompson, 2014; Villejoubert, 2009; Stupple, Ball, Evans, & Kamal-Smith, 2011), are less confident about their response (Bago & De Neys, 2017; De Neys, Cromheeke, & Osman, 2011; Gangemi, Bourgeois-Gironde, & Mancini, 2015; Johnson, Tubau, & De Neys, 2016; Thompson & Johnson, 2014) and show increased activation of brain areas assumed to mediate conflict and error monitoring (De Neys, Vartanian, & Goel, 2008; Simon, Lubin, Houdé, & De Neys, 2015) compared to when they give the normative answer to the no-conflict ones. These studies thus provide basic evidence for the presence of conflict detection in biased reasoners.…”

Detección de modelos mentales como posibilidades semánticas para el análisis del pensamiento social

“…Lo mismo ocurre en las dos siguientes tareas que mostramos a continuación, que también fueron seleccionadas y adaptadas del trabajo de De Neys et al, (2011). En la segunda versión, se utilizó el mismo formato, pero con una descripción distinta, a saber: Ana tiene buena salud.…”

Untitled

“…Para ilustrar el procedimiento aquí seguido, presentamos, en primer lugar, el análisis de discurso cualitativo por el que obtuvimos las cuatro combinaciones de posibilidades. Para obtener la información, partimos de la aplicación adaptada de nuevas versiones del clásico Problema de Linda (Tversky y Kahneman, 1983;De Neys y Franssens, 2009;Morsanyi, Handley y Evans, 2009;De Neys, Cromheeke y Osman, 2011;De Neys, 2014), siendo nuestro objetivo la obtención de información cualitativa a través de la elección de respuesta y la justificación de la misma.…”