Copper Manganese Sulfide Nanoplates: A New Two-Dimensional Theranostic Nanoplatform for MRI/MSOT Dual-Modal Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy in the Second Near-Infrared Window

Abstract

Multifunctional nanoplatforms with integrated diagnostic and therapeutic functions have attracted tremendous attention. Especially, the second near-infrared (NIR-II) light response-based nanoplatforms hold great potential in cancer theranostic applications, which is because the NIR-II window provides larger tissue penetration depth and higher maximum permissible exposure (MPE) than that of the well-studied first near-infrared (NIR-I) window. Herein, we for the first time present a two-dimensional (2D)-nanoplatform based on Cu2MnS2 nanoplates (NPs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) dual-modal imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer in the NIR-II window. Methods: Cu2MnS2 NPs were synthesized through a facile and environmentally friendly process. A series of experiments, including the characterization of Cu2MnS2 NPs, the long-term toxicity of Cu2MnS2 NPs in BALB/c nude mice, the applications of Cu2MnS2 NPs for in vitro and in vivo MRI/MSOT dual-modal imaging and NIR-II PTT of cancer were carried out. Results: The as-synthesized Cu2MnS2 NPs exhibit low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility as well as high photothermal conversion efficiency (~49.38%) and outstanding photostability. Together with their good T1-shortening effect and strong absorbance in the NIR-I and NIR-II region, the Cu2MnS2 NPs display high-contrast imaging performance both in MRI and MSOT (900 nm laser source). Moreover, the subsequent in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the Cu2MnS2 NPs possess excellent PTT efficacy under 1064 nm laser irradiation with a low power density (0.6 W cm-2). In addition, the detailed long-term toxicity studies further confirming the safety of Cu2MnS2 NPs in vivo. Conclusion: We have developed a new 2D Cu2MnS2 NPs as multifunctional theranostic agents for MRI/MSOT dual-modal imaging-guided PTT of cancer in the NIR-II window. Such biocompatible Cu2MnS2 NPs might provide a new perspective for exploring new 2D-based nanoplatforms with improved properties for clinical applications in the future.

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“…2 b), which shows a single peak around 35 nm. The appearance and size of the Cu 2 MnS 2 nanoplates were in accordance with other reports [ 27 ]. The SAED image in Fig.…”

Photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy in the second near-infrared window

“…Furthermore, Cu 2 MnS 2 nanoplates were used as nanoagents for imaging-guided NIR-II window PTT. 52 Carbonbased nanomaterials as a type of PAI and PT nanoagent have attracted increasing attention due to their wide-band absorption in both the NIR-I and NIR-II windows and their simple functionalization. For example, Wu et al developed mesoporous carbon nanospheres (Meso-CNs, Fig.…”

“…Recently, imaging-guided second near-infrared window photothermal therapy has been strongly developed. 26,47,48,52,69,[89][90][91][92] For example, Cheng et al grafted gold onto the surface of Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets, thus effectively improving its light absorption in both the NIR-I and NIR-II windows (Fig. 11a).…”

Recent Advance in Near‐Infrared (NIR) Imaging Probes for Cancer Theranostics

“…Ke et al. demonstrated a new 2D theranostics nanoplatform based on copper manganese sulfide (Cu 2 MnS 2 ) nanoplates for MRI and PA imaging‐guided PTT in NIR II window . With remarkable photo absorbance at 1075 nm, the nanoplatform possessed outstanding PA imaging with high resolution.…”