Contribution from the ten major emission sectors in Europe and Denmark to the health-cost externalities of air pollution using the EVA model system – an integrated modelling approach

Brandt, Jørgen; Silver, Jeremy D.; Christensen, J. H.; Andersen, Mikael Skou; Bønløkke, Jakob Hjort; Sigsgaard, Torben; Geels, Camilla; Gross, Allan; Hansen, A. B.; Hansen, Kaj; Hedegaard, G. B.; Kaas, Eigil; Frohn, Lise M.

doi:10.5194/acp-13-7725-2013

Cited by 118 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…The major part of the damage (~55%) will be borne by the German, Polish and Czech population. This last finding, i.e., that a substantial share of the impact is "exported" well beyond Czech borders, is somewhat startling, but a similar result is reported by Brandt and colleagues [43], who estimated that total health-related external costs from all Danish emissions in Europe account for 4.9 billion euros per year while in Denmark for only 817 million euros per year, i.e., about 17% of the total.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

The Health Costs of Revised Coal Mining Limits in Northern Bohemia

Máca

Melichar

2016

Energies

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Brown coal has been the major source of energy for more than 150 years for the Czech economy, but its role in the coming decades is nowadays the source of heated debate. Many of the recurring discussions address the coal reserves that were set aside in 1991 in order to halt the massive destruction of the landscape and the unprecedented deterioration of the human environment in Northern Bohemia. We study the proposed variants of the revised mining limits using the impact-pathway approach in order to quantify and monetize the health effects of airborne emissions from coal mining and the use of extracted coal for the production of electricity and heat. We find that the dominant health impacts associated with the revision of the limits, estimated to be up to 7 billion euros over the 2015-2050 period, will stem from the use of coal for the production of electricity and heat and that a large part of the impact will be borne by populations outside the Czech Republic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

The Health Costs of Revised Coal Mining Limits in Northern Bohemia

Máca

Melichar

2016

Energies

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“…The expected differences are due to nonlinearity in the processes of atmospheric chemistry. The discrepancies presented in the tables shows to be different from region to region, because of different atmospheric chemical regimes in each individual region (Brandt et al, 2013a, b).…”

Section: Impacts Of Natural Emissions On Air Pollution Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contributions of various anthropogenic sources to air pollution levels have been a key issue in decades for policy development and regulation (Brandt et al, 2013a, b). In addition to these sources, natural emissions play an important role in determining ambient levels of harmful atmospheric pollutants, especially for tropospheric ozone and particulate matter (PM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the contributions of natural emissions to ozone and total fine PM concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Accurate estimates of emissions from natural sources are needed for reliable predictions of ozone and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) using air quality models. In this study, the large-scale atmospheric chemistry transport model, DEHM (the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model) is further developed, evaluated and applied to study and quantify the contributions of natural emissions of VOCs, NO x , NH 3 , SO 2 , CH 4 , PM, CO and sea salt to the concentration of ozone and formation of PM 2.5 for the year 2006. Natural source categories adopted in the recent model are vegetation, lightning, soils, wild animals and oceans. In this study, the model has been further developed to include more Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) and to implement a scheme for secondary organic aerosols as well as an updated description of sea-salt emissions. Our simulations indicate that in the Northern Hemisphere the contribution from natural emissions to the average annual ozone mixing ratios over land is between 4-30 ppbV. Among the natural emissions, BVOCs are found to be the most significant contributors to ozone formation in 2006, enhancing the average ozone mixing ratio by about 11 % over the land areas of the Northern Hemisphere. The relative contribution of all the natural emissions to ozone is found to be highest in the northern part of South America by about 42 %. Similarly, the highest contribution of all the natural sources to total fine particles over land is found to be in South America by about 74 % and sea-salt aerosols demonstrated to play the most important role. However, over the rest of the regions in the model domain the largest contribution from the natural sources to PM 2.5 in the specific year 2006 is due to wildfires. The contribution from natural emissions to the mean PM 2.5 concentration over the land areas in the model domain is about 34 %.

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“…Scaling up this estimate to the whole population of Sweden, the estimated mortality due to PM2.5 from wood combustion is about 374 persons per year. This number can be compared with earlier estimates of about 100-340 persons per year by Forsberg et al [13] and about 216-282 persons per year by Brandt et al [14] for Denmark. Scaling up the Danish estimate to the Swedish population, by the ratio between the Swedish and the Danish population i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%