Quantifying the contributions of natural emissions to ozone and total fine PM concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere

Zare, Azimeh; Christensen, J. H.; Gross, Allan; Irannejad, Parviz; Glasius, Marianne; Brandt, Jørgen

doi:10.5194/acp-14-2735-2014

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…Despite large changes in the emissions of ozone precursors and in net chemical production, the general location of these net production and loss regimes is thought to have changed little since pre-industrial times (Wild and Palmer, 2008). However, spatial heterogeneity of anthropogenic precursor emissions and of biogenic hydrocarbons (Zare et al, 2014), along with strong diurnal variability in chemical processes, deposition and meteorology, suggests that local ozone production and loss regimes in the boundary layer may be much more diverse than indicated by these coarse, regional-scale assessments.…”

Section: What Controls Ozone?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Archibald et al (2011) showed that there is a significant impact of mechanism uncertainties on the global impact of isoprene chemistry on ozone. Recent estimates from Zare et al (2014) found BVOC to be the most significant contributor to ozone formation over land areas in the Northern Hemisphere enhancing the mixing ratio by about 11 %. In the Pearl River Delta in China (Situ et al, 2013) ozone is sensitive to the BVOC levels particularly in urban areas.…”

Section: Role Of Biogenics In the Formation Of Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

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Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Ozone holds a certain fascination in atmospheric science. It is ubiquitous in the atmosphere, central to tropospheric oxidation chemistry, yet harmful to human and ecosystem health as well as being an important greenhouse gas. It is not emitted into the atmosphere but is a byproduct of the very oxidation chemistry it largely initiates. Much effort is focused on the reduction of surface levels of ozone owing to its health and vegetation impacts, but recent efforts to achieve reductions in exposure at a country scale have proved difficult to achieve owing to increases in background ozone at the zonal hemispheric scale. There is also a growing realisation that the role of ozone as a short-lived climate pollutant could be important in integrated air quality climate change mitigation. This review examines current understanding of the processes regulating tropospheric ozone at global to local scales from both measurements and models. It takes the view that knowledge across the scales is important for dealing with air quality and climate change in a synergistic manner. The review shows that there remain a number of clear challenges for ozone such as explaining surface trends, incorporating new chemical understanding, ozone-climate coupling, and a better assessment of impacts. There is a clear and present need to treat ozone across the range of scales, a transboundary issue, but with an emphasis on the hemispheric scales. New observational opportunities are offered both by satellites and small sensors that bridge the scales.

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Section: What Controls Ozone?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Biogenics In the Formation Of Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

et al. 2015

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“…Because a substantial amount of ozone and ozone precursors are produced or emitted in Africa, tropospheric ozone in the other continents is largely influenced by ozone outflow from Africa (Williams 200 et al, 2009;Zare et al, 2014). American ozone that influences Asia mostly over high altitudes (north of 30N) (Wild et al, 2004;Holloway et al, 2008;Nagashima et al, 2010;Zhu et al, 2017b) (Wild et al, 2004;Sudo and Akimoto, 2007;Zhu et al, 2017b).…”

Section: Seasonal Variation In Imported African Ozone Over Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the contribution of biogenic emissions to ozone in the African upper troposphere is larger than biomass burning and anthropogenic emissions (Aghedo et al, 2007;Zare et al, 2014 (Sauvage et al, 2005). From boreal winter to fall, biomass burning regions shift southward from central Africa to southern Africa (Fig.…”

Section: Seasonal Variation In Imported African Ozone Over Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of intercontinental transport of tropospheric ozone from Africa to Asia

Han¹,

Liu²,

Yuan³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…Given the important role of natural emissions in the chemistry of the atmosphere (Zare et al, 2014), large-scale future tree mortality may influence ozone production and organic aerosol concentrations. Nonattainment of O 3 air quality standards in the US is more sensitive to BVOC emissions than anthropogenic VOC emissions (Hakami et al, 2006), and secondary organic aerosol mass can be dominated by biogenic sources (Pye et al, 2010).…”

Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Land cover change impacts on atmospheric chemistry: simulating projected large-scale tree mortality in the United States

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Land use and land cover changes impact climate and air quality by altering the exchange of trace gases between the Earth's surface and atmosphere. Large-scale tree mortality that is projected to occur across the United States as a result of insect and disease may therefore have unexplored consequences for tropospheric chemistry. We develop a land use module for the GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model to facilitate simulations involving changes to the land surface, and to improve consistency across land-atmosphere exchange processes. The model is used to test the impact of projected national-scale tree mortality risk through 2027 estimated by the 2012 USDA Forest Service National Insect and Disease Risk Assessment. Changes in biogenic emissions alone decrease monthly mean O 3 by up to 0.4 ppb, but reductions in deposition velocity compensate or exceed the effects of emissions yielding a net increase in O 3 of more than 1 ppb in some areas. The O 3 response to the projected change in emissions is affected by the ratio of baseline NO x : VOC concentrations, suggesting that in addition to the degree of land cover change, tree mortality impacts depend on whether a region is NO x -limited or NO x -saturated. Consequently, air quality (as diagnosed by the number of days that 8 h average O 3 exceeds 70 ppb) improves in polluted environments where changes in emissions are more important than changes to dry deposition, but worsens in clean environments where changes to dry deposition are the more important term. The influence of changes in dry deposition demonstrated here underscores the need to evaluate treatments of this physical process in models. Biogenic secondary organic aerosol loadings are significantly affected across the US, decreasing by 5-10 % across many regions, and by more than 25 % locally. Tree mortality could therefore impact background aerosol loadings by between 0.5 and 2 µg m −3 . Changes to reactive nitrogen oxide abundance and partitioning are also locally important. The regional effects simulated here are similar in magnitude to other scenarios that consider future biofuel cropping or natural succession, further demonstrating that biosphere-atmosphere exchange should be considered when predicting future air quality and climate. We point to important uncertainties and further development that should be addressed for a more robust understanding of land cover change feedbacks.

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Quantifying the contributions of natural emissions to ozone and total fine PM concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere

Cited by 38 publications

References 81 publications

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer

Characteristics of intercontinental transport of tropospheric ozone from Africa to Asia

Land cover change impacts on atmospheric chemistry: simulating projected large-scale tree mortality in the United States

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