Contamination ofSalmonella Schwarzengrund cells in chicken meat from traditional marketplaces in Taiwan and comparison of their antibiograms with those of the human isolates

Abstract

Salmonella Schwarzengrund is one of the infective Salmonella serotypes for humans and food animals, such as poultry and swine. Because consumption of foods containing salmonellae due to cross contamination or inadequate cooking may lead to human salmonellosis, in this report, the prevalence of Salmonella Schwarzengrund contamination in chicken meat samples purchased from different traditional marketplaces in Taiwan between 2000 and 2006 was investigated. In addition, 228 Salmonella Schwarzengrund strains isolated from these chicken meat samples and 30 human isolates obtained between 2004 and 2006 were compared for their antimicrobial susceptibility. Results showed that the prevalence of Salmonella Schwarzengrund contamination in raw chicken meat samples was 30.5%. Of all of the Salmonella isolates from chicken meat, Salmonella Schwarzengrund accounted for 39.3%. On the other hand, of the total Salmonella strains isolates from humans between 2004 and 2006, Salmonella Schwarzengrund accounted for 2.8%. All these chicken meat isolates and human isolates were multidrug-resistant and demonstrated high resistance to ampicillin, gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol. For gentamicin and kanamycin, however, the resistance gradually declined. The antibiogram study may indicate the abuse of some antibiotics for both humans and chickens. Also, transmission of Salmonella Schwarzengrund strains between humans and food of animal origin is possible.

Comparison of antimicrobial resistance patterns and phage types of Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from pigs, pork and humans in Belgium between 2001 and 2006

“…In total, the incidences of resistance in S. Typhimurium from different origins did not differ more than a factor 2 (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfonamides, nalidixic acid and the combination trimethoprim-sulfonamides) or 3 (cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones). Interpretation of these observations is not straightforward, but as was also suggested by Chen et al (2010), who reported similar findings in a comparative study on antimicrobial resistance in S. Schwarzengrund isolated from chicken meat and humans in Taiwan, transmission via meat products might be a reason. Angulo et al (2000) argued that if veterinary use of antimicrobials is responsible for the development of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella in animals which may be transmitted to humans, the patterns of antimicrobial resistance observed among Salmonella isolates collected from healthy animals can be expected to resemble those from humans.…”

Resistance to -lactams of human and veterinary Salmonella isolates in Egypt and Algeria

“…The resistance phenotypes of nontyphoid Salmonella noted in this study may be considered alarming, because this bacterium was reported as sensitive. This result is consistent with the emergence of multidrug-resistance and ESBL production within nontyphoid Salmonella (Miriago et al, 2002(Miriago et al, , 2004Chen et al, 2010). This high frequency of resistance might be due to the easily acquisition of resistance, or to the exposition of natural reservoirs (human and animal gastrointestinal tracts) to large amounts of antibiotics.…”

“…It has been reported worldwide that most non-typhoid Salmonella that resist to ESCs had been resulted from human (Gaillot et al, 1997;Banajah et al, 2001;Chande et al, 2002;Miriago et al, 2004;Chen et al, 2010). However, in certain countries, such as USA and Canada, resistance to ESCs is derived from both human and animal (Winokour et al, 2001).…”

Detection of Salmonella spp. by Conventional Bacteriology and by Quantitative Polymerase-Chain Reaction in Commercial Egg Structures

“…According to Aarestrup et al (2007), this serovar can cause severe cases of salmonellosis in humans. Furthermore, Chen et al (2010) identified it as one of the main contaminants of food of avian origin in China.…”