Construction of Supramolecular Nanoassembly for Responsive Bacterial Elimination and Effective Bacterial Detection

Abstract

There is an urgent need for developing novel strategies for bacterial detection and inhibition. Herein, a multifunctional nanomaterial based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) is designed, loaded with amoxicillin (AMO), and surface-coated with 1,2-ethanediamine (EDA)-modified polyglycerol methacrylate (PGEDA), cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]), and tetraphenylethylene carboxylate derivatives (TPE-(COOH)) by the layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique. When bacteria contacts with this nanoassembly, the binding of anionic bacterial surface toward the cationic PGEDA layer of this material can reduce or break the interactions between PGEDA layer and TPE-(COOH) layer, leading to attenuated TPE-(COOH) emission due to the weakening of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect. Furthermore, upon adding adamantaneamine (AD), the more stable AD⊂CB[7] complex forms and PGEDA is liberated through competitive replacement, thus leading to the release of AMO and resulting in much higher antibacterial ability of this nanomaterial. This newly designed nanomaterial possesses dual functions of controllable antibacterial activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli, and bacterial detection ability in aqueous media, suggesting that the design of this multifunctional antibacterial material will provide a simple, effective, and rapid way to control the activity of antimicrobial and open up an alternative new avenue for bacterial detection and elimination.

Polyprodrug Antimicrobials: Remarkable Membrane Damage and Concurrent Drug Release to Combat Antibiotic Resistance of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…Apparently, the membrane damage caused by QP 45 micelles was observed to be stronger than P 45 micelles. Comparable results with evident morphology change were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis for MRSA cells treating with these micelles (Figure S12, Supporting Information) . The hydrophobic section of the micelles could pierce into MRSA membrane and disrupted the integrity, resulting in significant leakage of intracellular milieu and final death of MRSA .…”

Smart Delivery Systems Based on Poly(glycidyl methacrylate)s‐Coated Organic/Inorganic Core–Shell Nanohybrids

“…Significantly, this biohybrid nanomaterial displayed efficient in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity with good biocompatibility and negligible hemolytic side effect, especially with much lower minimal inhibition concentration than isodose Lys and amoxicillin. For bacterial detection and inhibition, multifunctional MSNs coated with PGEDA, CB[7], and tetraphenylethylene carboxylate derivatives (TPE‐(COOH) 4 ) were also realized via LbL approach . Upon adding competitors to CB[7], PGEDA is liberated to release the amoxicillin, switching on the antibacterial ability.…”

Host-Guest Chemistry in Layer-by-Layer Assemblies Containing Calix[n]arenes and Cucurbit[n]urils: A Review

“…Therefore, the anti-cancer activity of DOX-loaded MSNs was tested in vivo using a mouse model containing HeLa cancer cells, in which the growth of the tumors was inhibited by 63% in mice administered with DOX-loaded MSNs compared to the untreated group (Figure 9). CB [7] LbL film-coated MSNs loaded with tetraphenylethylene carboxylic acid (TPE-COOH) and antibiotic drug amoxicillin (AMO) have been shown to be effective for the detection and elimination of bacteria [85]. The fluorescence intensity at 480 nm originating from the TPE-COOH in the MSNs decreased upon exposure to bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus because of the loss of aggregation-induced emission of the TPE-COOH.…”

“…The surfaces of the nanopores were first covalently modified with a naphthalene derivative (NapDA), through which CB [8] was anchored, followed by binding of BTNI via the formation of NapDA/CB [8]/BTNI ternary complexes. The ternary complex could be decomposed by adding Ad or K + ion to restore the NapDA-modified CB [7] LbL film-coated MSNs loaded with tetraphenylethylene carboxylic acid (TPE-COOH) and antibiotic drug amoxicillin (AMO) have been shown to be effective for the detection and elimination of bacteria [85]. The fluorescence intensity at 480 nm originating from the TPE-COOH in the MSNs decreased upon exposure to bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus because of the loss of aggregation-induced emission of the TPE-COOH.…”