Conditional cash transfers in Brazil, Chile and Mexico: Impacts upon inequality

Soares, Sergei Suarez Dillon; Osório, Rafael Guerreiro; Soares, Fábio Veras; Medeiros, Marcelo; Zepeda, Eduardo

doi:10.24201/ee.v0i0.387

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…There is plenty of evidence concerning the effectiveness of CCT programs in improving a variety of dimensions through intended and unintended results. Examples include nutrition and school attendance (Rawlings & Rubio, 2005), test scores (Baez & Camacho, 2011), grade repetition (De Oliveira & Soares, 2013), income, savings, consumption, and labor supply (Skoufias & Gonzalez-Cossio, 2008), cognitive abilities (Ponce & Bedi, 2010), fertility and gender issues (Soares & Silva, 2010), agricultural outcomes (Todd, Winters, & Hertz, 2010), intrahousehold allocation (Del Carpio & Macours, 2009), economic growth (Villa, 2016) and poverty and inequality (Bourguignon, Ferreira, & Leite, 2002;Soares, Os orio, Soares, Medeiros, & Zepeda, 2007). The effectiveness of CCTs in the past and the dissemination of a significant number of positive evaluation reports have contributed to their adoption in most of the countries in Latin America, Africa, and Asia (Barrientos & Villa, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The continuous treatment effect of an antipoverty program on children's educational attainment: Colombia's Familias en Accion

Villa

2018

Review Development Economics

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Educational attainment is an important element in the formation of human capital. Although many developing countries have made strong efforts to expand the coverage of education services, children in poor households still struggle to attend school on a regular basis. Human development conditional cash transfers (known as CCTs) have emerged in response to this situation in developing countries. While the effects of the CCTs are well known and widely documented, their effects in relation to educational attainment and school participation are still unclear. This paper looks empirically into the continuous treatment effects of participation length in Familias en Accion, a CCT program in Colombia. The paper focuses on the continuous treatment effects on school registration and educational attainment of participants in the program. Although initial results show a fuzzy relationship between the program outcomes and the participation length, the empirical results confirm the fact that a longer exposure to the antipoverty program led to higher school registration rates, accumulation of years of education, and lower child labor participation levels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The continuous treatment effect of an antipoverty program on children's educational attainment: Colombia's Familias en Accion

Villa

2018

Review Development Economics

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“…21 El "Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil" se integra formalmente al "Bolsa Família" en 2005. 22 La descripción de los programas en este apartado está basada en Soares et al (2009) En Chile el estudio se focaliza en las transferencias de ingreso de tres programas no contributivos, el "Subsidio Único Familiar", "Chile Solidario" y el programa de "Pensiones Asistenciales". La elegibilidad en estos tres programas se determina a través de un sistema estandarizado denominado "Ficha de Protección Social" (FPS) que renquea a los hogares en función del puntaje que surge de un índice multidimensional.…”

Section: Chile 22unclassified

“…focalización en grupos muy específicos (básicamente indigentes), el reducido monto de la transferencia y la baja participación en los ingreso del hogar (Agostini y Brown 2010;Larrañaga, 2007). 59 Estos resultados coinciden con los encontrados en los estudios de Soares et al (2009)…”

Section: Chileunclassified

“…Varios estudios en América Latina se han concentrado en analizar cambios en la distribución del ingreso laboral y sus efectos sobre la desigualdad. Sin embargo, es menos extensa la literatura que se ha enfocado en los ingresos no laborales, y en particular en las fuentes públicas de ingreso de los hogares (véase Barros et al, 2007;Larrañaga, 2007;Soares et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Adicionalmente, el beneficiario de este programa recibe un subsidio adicional de apoyo escolar para cubrir parcialmente los costos del niño escolarizado 20 La descripción de los programas en este apartado está basada enSoares et al (2006),Barros et al (2007) ySoares et al (2009). Por más detalles véase el sitio web del Ministerio de Desarrollo Social de Brasil < http://www.mds.gov.br>.…”

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Impacto distributivo de las transferencias públicas en la década de 2000: la experiencia de los países del Cono Sur

Sosa¹

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Tutor: Guillermo Cruces CEDLAS-UNLP, CONICET e IZA Resumen En la década de 2000 la desigualdad del ingreso en América Latina se ha reducido. Este estudio aplica una metodología de descomposición no-paramétrica para evaluar la importancia de las fuentes de ingreso de los hogares, en particular el aporte de las transferencias públicas, sobre los cambios en la desigualdad de ingresos en cuatro países de América Latina: Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay. Los resultados del trabajo sugieren que los ingresos no laborales tuvieron un aporte significativo sobre los cambios en la desigualdad en los 2000 y que este impacto fue explicado principalmente por el efecto igualador que tuvieron las fuentes públicas en los cuatro países analizados. La dinámica de los cambios en esta fuente de ingreso y su impacto sobre la desigualdad estuvo fuertemente asociada a la implementación o expansión de programas de transferencia contributivos y no contributivos en la década de 2000. En los cuatro países, se encontró evidencias de que los principales factores que explicaron este efecto fueron tanto el incremento de la cobertura de los programas como la magnitud del beneficio.

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Association of Conditional Cash Transfers With Maternal Mortality Using the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort

et al. 2023

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ImportanceConditional cash transfers (CCTs) have been consistently associated with improvements to the determinants of maternal health, but there have been insufficient investigations regarding their effects on maternal mortality.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between being a Bolsa Família program (BFP) beneficiary and maternal mortality and to examine how this association differs by duration of BFP receipt, maternal race, living in rural or urban areas, the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI), and municipal primary health care coverage.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional analysis was nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort. Girls and women aged 10 to 49 years (hereinafter referred to as women) who had at least 1 live birth were included, using data from Brazilian national health databases linked to the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort (January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2015). Propensity score kernel weighting was applied to control for sociodemographic and economic confounders in the association between BFP receipt and maternal mortality, overall and stratified by different subgroups (race, urban or rural area, and MHDI), and duration of BFP receipt. Data were analyzed from July 12, 2019, to December 31, 2022.Main Outcome(s) and MeasuresMaternal death.ResultsA total of 6 677 273 women aged 10 to 49 years were included in the analysis, 4056 of whom had died from pregnancy-related causes. The risk of maternal death was 18% lower in women who received BFP (weighted odds ratio [OR], 0.82 [95% CI, 0.71-0.93]). A longer duration receiving BFP was associated with an increased reduction in maternal mortality (OR for 1-4 years, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75-0.97]; OR for 5-8 years, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.60-0.82]; OR for ≥9 years, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.53-0.88]). Receiving BFP was also associated with substantial increases in the number of prenatal appointments and interbirth intervals. The reduction was more pronounced in the most vulnerable groups.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional analysis nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort found an association between BFP receipt and maternal mortality. This association was of greater magnitude in women with longer exposure to BFP and in the most vulnerable groups. These findings reinforce evidence that programs such as BFP, which have already proven effective in poverty reduction, have great potential to improve maternal survival.

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Conditional cash transfers in Brazil, Chile and Mexico: Impacts upon inequality

Cited by 50 publications

References 9 publications

The continuous treatment effect of an antipoverty program on children's educational attainment: Colombia's Familias en Accion

The continuous treatment effect of an antipoverty program on children's educational attainment: Colombia's Familias en Accion

Impacto distributivo de las transferencias públicas en la década de 2000: la experiencia de los países del Cono Sur

Association of Conditional Cash Transfers With Maternal Mortality Using the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort

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