Composição e qualidade de pólen apícola coletado em Minas Gerais

Abstract

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência das composições florísticas locais sobre a qualidade do pólen apícola, em dois apiários de Minas Gerais. Em cada apiário, foram instaladas cinco colméias de Apis mellifera (L.). A flora polinífera foi identificada nas proximidades dos apiários. As bolotas de pólen foram coletadas de agosto a dezembro de 2005. A análise melissopalinológica foi realizada pelo método padrão europeu. Foram realizadas análises nutricionais do pólen relativas à porcentagem de matéria seca, orgânica e mineral, à proteína bruta, ao extrato etéreo e aos carboidratos totais. Foi realizada correlação de Spearman entre os componentes nutricionais e os tipos polínicos ocorrentes. No apiário UFV, a flora polinífera predominante apresentou espécies ornamentais com hábito arbóreo, e no apiário Mesmel predominaram as espécies da pastagem abandonada com hábito herbáceo. A composição nutricional do pólen coletado não apresentou correlação com a diversidade de tipos polínicos, mas apresentou correlação com a predominância de tipos polínicos específicos. As diferentes composições florísticas influenciam na qualidade do pólen apícola, e a coleta em diversas fontes de alimento, pelas abelhas, é importante para a obtenção de uma dieta mais equilibrada.Termos para indexação: Apis mellifera, palinologia, recurso alimentar, alimentação das abelhas. Nutritional composition and quality of bee pollen collected in Minas Gerais, BrazilAbstract -The objective of this work was to assess the influence of the local floral composition on the quality of apicultural pollen collected in two apiaries, in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Five hives of Apis mellifera (L.) were installed in each apiary. The polliniferous flora in the proximity of the apiaries was identified. The pollen loads were collected from August to December, 2005. The melissopalinological analysis was carried out following the standard European method. Nutritional analyses of pollen were performed related to percentages of dry, organic and mineral matter; to raw protein; to ether extract; and to total carbohydrates. Spearman correlation was carried out between nutritional components and pollen types. In the UFV apiary, the predominant polliniferous flora presented ornamental species with arboreous habitus, and in the Mesmel apiary, it presented species of abandoned cattle pasture with herbaceous habitus. The nutritional composition of the collected pollen showed no correlation with the diversity of pollen types, however, it showed correlation with the predominance of specific pollen types. Different floral compositions influence the quality of pollen collected by bees; and its collection by bees, in various sources, is important to obtain a more balanced diet.

Physicochemical characteristics of pollen collected by Amazonian stingless bees

“…Bee pollen usually has a high protein content (MODRO et al, 2007). Pollen samples analyzed in this study presented a high content of this nutrient (Table 1), when compared to samples studied by other researchers.…”

“…The condition is different from that for stingless bee pollen, which is stored inside the hives and undergoes fermentation processes that may influence the pH value for this product. MARCHINI et al (2006) and MODRO et al (2007) reported, respectively, 76.3 and 72.0% of total solids in pollen collected by A. mellifera. These values were higher than those reported in stingless bee collected pollen, which was used in the present study ( Table 1).…”

“…Because of its floral origin, bee pollen may have a variable composition depending on the region or season (MODRO et al, 2007). Its composition includes proteins, lipids, fibers (MARCHINI et al, 2006), minerals (FUNARI et al, 2003), vitamins C andE andβ-carotene (ALMEIDA-MURADIAN et al, 2005;OLIVEIRA et al, 2009), free amino acids (PARAMAS et al, 2006), sugars (QIAN et al, 2008), unsaturated fatty acids (FEAS et al, 2012), and phenolic compounds (MARGHITAS et al, 2009).…”

Pollen Analysis Reveals Plants Foraged by Africanized Honeybees in the Southern Pantanal, Brazil

“…Sampling of pollen loads using traps attached to natural colonies was done with Trigona collina (Smith) in Malaysia (Eltz et al 2001) and with A. mellifera in Europe (Imdorf 1983, Imdorf & Wille 1983. Studies of pollen diets based on pollen loads usually utilize pollen collectors in Langstroth type hives , Modro et al 2007, direct removal of pollen loads from the corbicula (Fernandes-da-Silva & Serrão 2000, Webby 2004), extracted pollen from colony storage pots (Cortopassi-Laurino & Ramalho 1988, Antonini & Martins 2003 or examination of pollen content in the rectum of honeybees (Dimou & Thrasyvoulou 2009).…”

Caracterização físico-química do pólen polifloral coletado por abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) na região do Cariri cearense

“…O valor médio para proteína em pólen apícola foi maior comparado ao obtido por Barreto et al (2005) (17,27%) para pólen proveniente da região Nordeste no estado de Sergipe-SE. Entretanto, Modro et al (2007) …”