Comparison of the Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Simvastatin on Healing of Critical-Size Calvarial Bone Defects

Abstract

A total of 33 rats (3 for PRP preparation) were used in the experiment. Critical-size defect 8-mm diameter was created in 30 rats' calvarium. Rats were divided into 3 groups. Each group contained 10 animals. In Group A the defect was filled with phosphate-buffered saline only, in Group B with 0.5 mL PRP, and in Group C with 0.1 mg simvastatin. The defects were evaluated by radiographic analysis at 8th and 16th weeks. The animals were sacrificed 16 weeks after the surgery. Histological examination was performed to assess the new bone-forming area. Vessels, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts were marked in 524749.1-μm area and counted with using Clemex Vision Lite 3.5 Image Analysis program. The results were statistically analyzed.

Simvastatin induces adverse effects on proliferation and mineralization of human primary osteoblasts

“…In animal studies the influence on mineralization, osteogenic markers and viability of quiet equal concentrations of SV were investigated upon cells particularly of rodent origin [21][22][23][24][25][26][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

The Application of Statins in the Regeneration of Bone Defects. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…These articles compare the non-introduction of filling material [9,10,12,15,16,20], and the introduction of phosphate-buffered saline [14,15,16,17,18,19], polylactic acid [8,12], collagen sponges [9,16,21], hyaluronic acid [11], polyethylene glycol [11,18], gelatin hydrogel [13,16,22] or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose [17], with the introduction into the defect area of preparations containing statins [8,22].…”

“…The statin used and the dose were different depending on the study, with simvastatin being the most employed [8,9,10,12,13,16,17,19,20], followed by lovastatin [11,14,18,22]. Rosuvastatin [15,21] was used in only two of the articles.…”

“…In all the works [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22], the filling material was introduced at the time of the bone defect creation, except for one, in which a parallel experiment was carried out, in which the injections were made at the time of surgery, and at 14, 28 and 42 days [18].…”

“…Studies analyzing the effect of statins on the regeneration of non-periodontal bone defects are still mostly in the preclinical phase, and evaluate radiological, histological and analytical parameters to assess their impact [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22].…”