No abstract

BackgroundGranulomatous mastitis is a rare and benign inflammatory breast disease that may clinically and radiologically mimic breast cancer.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the features of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with mammographic and sonographic findings.Patients and MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 20 patients with IGM who had been diagnosed by needle core or excisional biopsy at a single institution between 2006 and 2012. All of the patients underwent MRI for suspicious breast findings prior to biopsy. MRI examinations were performed on a 1.5 T scanner. The MRI findings were evaluated in accordance with the breast imaging-reporting and data system (BI-RADS) MRI lexicon established by the American College of Radiology.ResultsMRI detected a total of 29 lesions in the 20 patients. Fourteen of these lesions were seen as mass enhancements, with the remaining 15 identified as non-mass enhancements (NMEs). The median size of all lesions was 3.6 cm (range, 0.7 - 6.7 cm). The most frequently observed features were masses with a round shape (9 out of 14, 64%), smooth contour (11 out of 14, 78%), and a rim enhancement pattern (10 out of 14, 71%). The most common features of the 15 NME lesions were segmental distribution (6 out of 15, 40%) and heterogeneous enhancement patterns (8 out of 15, 53%). The time-intensity curves of the dynamic studies showed benign type one signal intensity (persistent enhancement pattern) in the majority of lesions (10 out of 20, 50%).ConclusionOur study suggests that breast MRI findings of IGM have a wide spectrum. Rim enhancement patterns are frequently seen on contrast enhanced images, but the imaging findings are nonspecific and cannot be used definitively to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions.

A total of 33 rats (3 for PRP preparation) were used in the experiment. Critical-size defect 8-mm diameter was created in 30 rats' calvarium. Rats were divided into 3 groups. Each group contained 10 animals. In Group A the defect was filled with phosphate-buffered saline only, in Group B with 0.5 mL PRP, and in Group C with 0.1 mg simvastatin. The defects were evaluated by radiographic analysis at 8th and 16th weeks. The animals were sacrificed 16 weeks after the surgery. Histological examination was performed to assess the new bone-forming area. Vessels, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts were marked in 524749.1-μm area and counted with using Clemex Vision Lite 3.5 Image Analysis program. The results were statistically analyzed.

BackgroundTo determine the relationship between renal cell carcinoma subtypes and the associated mortality and biochemical parameters. An additional aim was to analyze multiphasic multidetector computed tomography findings.MethodsThis study is a hospital-based retrospective investigation, using 211 patients with a diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma upon computed tomography examination. The histological subtypes included clear cell in 119 patients, chromophobe cell in 30 patients, papillary cell in 25 patients, mixed cell in 32 patients, and sarcomatoid cell in 4 patients.ResultsThe mean age of the patients participating in this study was 61.18 ± 11.81 years, and the mortality rate was 10.4% (n = 22) through the 2-year follow-up. The ratios of both the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte upon admission to the hospital and platelet-to-lymphocyte of the non-surviving group were significantly higher than those of the surviving group (p < 0.05). When the analysis of the 2-year survival of the patients was examined according to the median platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were significantly different between the surviving and non-surviving groups (p = 0.01). In two-way analysis of variance test, statistically significant results which were influenced by mortality (p = 0.028) and were found between renal cell carcinoma subtypes in the computed tomography density of corticomedullary phase (p = 0.001).ConclusionsThe neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio may represent widely available biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma, and the logistic regression model indicated that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was a significant predictor for mortality. According to the median platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio values, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were significantly different between the surviving and non-surviving groups.