Comparison of Organic and Integrated Nutrient Management Strategies for Reducing Soil N2O Emissions

Abstract

Abstract:To prevent nutrient limitations to crop growth, nitrogen is often applied in agricultural systems in the form of organic inputs (e.g., crop residues, manure, compost, etc.) or inorganic fertilizer. Inorganic nitrogen fertilizer has large environmental and economic costs, particularly for low-input smallholder farming systems. The concept of combining organic, inorganic, and biological nutrient sources through Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) is increasingly promoted as a means of improving nutrient use efficiency by matching soil nutrient availability with crop demand. While the majority of previous research on INM has focused on soil quality and yield, potential climate change impacts have rarely been assessed. In particular, it remains unclear whether INM increases or decreases soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions compared to organic nitrogen inputs, which may represent an overlooked environmental tradeoff. The objectives of this review were to (i) summarize the mechanisms influencing N 2 O emissions in response to organic and inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer sources, (ii) synthesize findings from the limited number of field experiments that have directly compared N 2 O emissions for organic N inputs vs. INM treatments, (iii) develop a hypothesis for conditions under which INM reduces N 2 O emissions and (iv) identify key knowledge gaps to address in future research. In general, INM treatments having low carbon to nitrogen ratio C:N (<8) tended to reduce emissions compared to organic amendments alone, while INM treatments with higher C:N resulted in no change or increased N 2 O emissions.

Effect of diverse nutrient application on symbiotic traits, yield attributes, nutrient uptake, microbial population, dehydrogenase activity and productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in black Soils

“…During recent years, increased mining of the major as well as micronutrients from the soil and amplified application of synthetic fertilizers, are causing serious health hazards and unrecoverable deterioration of environment (Graham et al, 2017). The bio fertilizers and organic manures produce beneficial effects on plant growth, yield and on physical, chemical and biological properties of soil has been accepted worldwide (Nyamadzawo et al, 2014 andMondelaers et al, 2009).…”

Budidaya Kopi Rakyat dengan Pengeelolaan Bahan Organik Mengurangi Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca dan Cadangan Karbon

“…Penggunaan pupuk organik dapat memberi dampak positif terhadap penurunan emisi GRK. (Graham et al, 2017). Pengembangan budidaya kopi secara organik sudah mulai dilakukan banyak di Indonesia.…”

Emisi gas rumah kaca, cadangan karbon serta strategi adaptasi dan mitigasi pada perkebunan kopi rakyat di Nusa Tenggara Barat (Greenhouse gas emission, carbon stock, adaptation and mitigation strategies at smallholder coffee plantation in West Nusa Tenggara)

“…Pemberian pupuk organik sangat disarankan untuk mengantisipasi terhadap kekeringan, karena dengan adanya kandungan organik dalam tanah akan lebih banyak menyimpan air dan memperbaiki sifat bilogi tanah (Ayalev, 2014;Velmourougane, 2016). Penggunaan pupuk organik dengan cara yang efisien memberikan dampak positif terhadap penurunan emisi gas (Graham et al, 2017). Sistem pengelolaan organik menurunkan emisi per kg kopi yang dihasilkan (Noponen et al, 2012).…”