Comparative Endothelial Cell Response on Topographically Patterned Titanium and Silicon Substrates with Micrometer to Sub-Micrometer Feature Sizes

Vandrangi, Prashanthi; Gott, Shannon C.; Kozaka, Ryan; Rodgers, V.G.J.; Rao, Masaru P.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0111465

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…It is reported that the chloride layer of titanium must be subjected to high energy ion bombardment as this step assists in chlorination3435. Dry etching of titanium has earlier been reported with several patterned masks for biomedical applications343637, but this is the first instance where an etching recipe has produced randomly oriented mask-less nanostructures generating a black titanium surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Topography on Black Titanium Imparts Multi-biofunctional Properties for Orthopedic Applications

Hasan

Jain

Chatterjee

2017

Sci Rep

114

139

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We have developed a chlorine based reactive ion etching process to yield randomly oriented anisotropic nanostructures that render the titanium metal surface ‘black’ similar to that of black silicon. The surface appears black due to the nanostructures in contrast to the conventional shiny surface of titanium. The nanostructures were found to kill bacteria on contact by mechanically rupturing the cells as has been observed previously on wings of certain insects. The etching was optimized to yield nanostructures of ≈1 μm height for maximal bactericidal efficiency without compromising cytocompatibility. Within 4 hours of contact with the black titanium surface, 95% ± 5% of E. coli, 98% ± 2% of P. aeruginosa, 92% ± 5% of M. smegmatis and 22% ± 8% of S. aureus cells that had attached were killed. The killing efficiency for the S. aureus increased to 76% ± 4% when the cells were allowed to adhere up to 24 hours. The black titanium supported the attachment and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells and augmented osteogenic lineage commitment in vitro. Thus, the bioinspired nanostructures on black titanium impart multi-biofunctional properties toward engineering the next-generation biomaterials for orthopedic implants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Topography on Black Titanium Imparts Multi-biofunctional Properties for Orthopedic Applications

Hasan

Jain

Chatterjee

2017

Sci Rep

114

139

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“…Our results show that for Ti substrates, micro and nano-grooved topographies caused macrophages to elongate along the direction of the grooves, consistent with previous studies with other cell types on similar substrates. 32-33 Interestingly, the degree of cell elongation level was biphasic and decreased when cells were cultured on grooves less than 200 nm or greater than 10 μm. When the grooves were too narrow, cells did not elongate likely because adhesions could not form.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro- and Nanopatterned Topographical Cues for Regulating Macrophage Cell Shape and Phenotype

Luu

Gott

Woo

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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266

201

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Controlling the interactions between macrophages and biomaterials is critical for modulating the response to implants. While it has long been thought that biomaterial surface chemistry regulates the immune response, recent studies have suggested that material geometry may in fact dominate. Our previous work demonstrated that elongation of macrophages regulates their polarization towards a pro-healing phenotype. In this work, we elucidate how surface topology might be leveraged to alter macrophage cell morphology and polarization state. Using a deep etch technique, we fabricated titanium surfaces containing micro and nano-patterned grooves, which have been previously shown to promote cell elongation. Morphology, phenotypic markers, and cytokine secretion of murine bone marrow derived macrophages on different groove widths were analyzed. The results suggest that micro and nano-patterned grooves influenced macrophage elongation, which peaked on substrates with 400-500 nm wide grooves. Surface grooves did not affect inflammatory activation, but drove macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory, pro-healing phenotype. While secretion of TNF-alpha remained low in macrophages across all conditions, macrophages secreted significantly higher levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, on intermediate groove widths compared to cells on other Ti surfaces. Our findings highlight the potential of using surface topography to regulate macrophage function, and thus control the wound healing and tissue repair response to biomaterials.

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“…A number of studies have shown that endothelial cellular response (e.g., adhesion, proliferation) favourably changes on the micro-patterned substrate [32,33]. It is now well-known that micropatterned substrates can significantly modulate cellular responses [34,35,36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Micropatterned Thin Film Nitinol in Carotid Stents to Augment Embolic Protection

Shayan

Jankowitz

Shridhar

et al. 2016

JFB

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Stenting is an alternative to endarterectomy for the treatment of carotid artery stenosis. However, stenting is associated with a higher risk of procedural stroke secondary to distal thromboembolism. Hybrid stents with a micromesh layer have been proposed to address this complication. We developed a micropatterned thin film nitinol (M-TFN) covered stent designed to prevent thromboembolism during carotid intervention. This innovation may obviate the need or work synergistically with embolic protection devices. The proposed double layered stent is low-profile, thromboresistant, and covered with a M-TFN that can be fabricated with fenestrations of varying geometries and sizes. The M-TFN was created in multiple geometries, dimensions, and porosities by sputter deposition. The efficiency of various M-TFN to capture embolic particles was evaluated in different atherosclerotic carotid stenotic conditions through in vitro tests. The covered stent prevented emboli dislodgement in the range of 70%–96% during 30 min duration tests. In vitro vascular cell growth study results showed that endothelial cell elongation, alignment and growth behaviour silhouettes significantly enhance, specifically on the diamond-shape M-TFN, with the dimensions of 145 µm × 20 µm and a porosity of 32%. Future studies will require in vivo testing. Our results demonstrate that M-TFN has a promising potential for carotid artery stenting.

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Comparative Endothelial Cell Response on Topographically Patterned Titanium and Silicon Substrates with Micrometer to Sub-Micrometer Feature Sizes

Cited by 40 publications

References 49 publications

Nanoscale Topography on Black Titanium Imparts Multi-biofunctional Properties for Orthopedic Applications

Nanoscale Topography on Black Titanium Imparts Multi-biofunctional Properties for Orthopedic Applications

Micro- and Nanopatterned Topographical Cues for Regulating Macrophage Cell Shape and Phenotype

Use of Micropatterned Thin Film Nitinol in Carotid Stents to Augment Embolic Protection

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