Comparative efficacy of two heterologous capripox vaccines to control lumpy skin disease in cattle

Norian, Reza; ahangran, nahideh afzal; Varshovi, Hamid Reza; Azadmehr, Abbas

doi:10.15547/bjvm.2067

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(20 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Due to the cross-reactivity between members of the Capripoxvirus genus, live attenuated GTPV and SPPV are also used to vaccinate cattle against LSDV [ 57 ]. GTPV-based vaccines have been reported to show the same protection against LSD as LSDV-based vaccines [ 58 , 59 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumpy Skin Disease—An Emerging Cattle Disease in Europe and Asia

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a member of the Capripoxvirus genus, mainly infecting cattle and buffalo, which until relatively recently was only endemic in parts of Africa and then spread to the Middle East and lately Europe and Asia. Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a notifiable disease with a serious impact on the beef industry as it causes mortality of up to 10% and has impacts on milk and meat production, as well as fertility. The close serological relationship between LSDV, goat poxvirus (GTPV) and sheep poxvirus (SPPV) has led to live attenuated GTPV and SPPV vaccines being used to protect against LSD in some countries. There is evidence that the SPPV vaccine does not protect from LSD as well as the GTPV and LSDV vaccines. One of the LSD vaccines used in Eastern Europe was found to be a combination of different Capripoxviruses, and a series of recombination events in the manufacturing process resulted in cattle being vaccinated with a range of recombinant LSDVs resulting in virulent LSDV which spread throughout Asia. It is likely that LSD will become endemic throughout Asia as it will be very challenging to control the spread of the virus without widespread vaccination.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumpy Skin Disease—An Emerging Cattle Disease in Europe and Asia

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the authors included some VNT titers lower than 1.2 log 10 , and they preferred performing VNT over PI test of OIE, being in vitro , easier, and cheaper (Samojlović et al, 2019 ). Overall, the observed low serological responses (VNT or ELISA) have been explained by the significant role of cellular immunity in the protection against the disease after vaccination (Norian et al, 2019 ; Varshovi et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency vaccination of cattle against lumpy skin disease: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, and potency of MEVAC® LSD vaccine containing Neethling strain

Bazid

Wasfy²,

Fawzy

et al. 2022

Vet Res Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging disease of cattle causing significantly high economic losses. Control of LSD depends on the use of homologous attenuated LSD virus strains isolated originally from South Africa (the Neethling strain). The virus belongs to the genus Capripoxvirus, which includes sheep pox virus and goat pox virus. The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new live attenuated LSD vaccine produced by Middle East for Vaccines (MEVAC®) based on the Neethling strain. Tests were performed both in Egypt and Vietnam. Safety was evaluated by inoculation of five cattle with 10 times the recommended dose and observation of the animals for 14 days. Immunogenicity was tested at different periods post-vaccination (PV) in animals receiving the recommended doses of the vaccine using ELISA and virus neutralization test. Five cows were used to determine the protection index (PI) and non-vaccinated control cattle were included. Three calves were challenged by intradermal inoculation of the wild virus (5 × 105 TCID50) 28 days PV. Field or mass vaccination experiments were conducted in Vietnam during national campaigns in the summer of 2021 with 4301 vaccinated animals closely monitored after vaccination. In the field, around 2% (80/4301) of the animals showed hyper-reactivity, and 0.6% (24/4301) showed small skin swellings that disappeared within few hours PV. Abortion was recorded in three animals (0.3% 3/867). Challenged animals were resistant to clinical disease and PI value was 3.5 log10. Meanwhile, antibody levels determined by the ELISA were inconsistent among animals and laboratories during the study period. Overall, the findings point to a new safe and effective LSD vaccine.

show abstract

“…Zones with as few restrictions on movement as possible, as well as clinical surveillance, should be established in high-risk areas [ 43 ]. Furthermore, in order to carry out eradication treatments, including quarantine, the slaughtering of infected and in-contact animals, proper carcass disposal, cleaning and disinfecting the premises, and pest control, as soon as is practical during the eruption, prompt clinical identification is necessary [ 44 ]. However, the disease can only be controlled in endemic areas with vaccination, movement restrictions, and the euthanasia of sick animals [ 45 ].…”

Section: Control Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Extensive Examination of the Warning Signs, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Available Therapies, and Prognosis for Lumpy Skin Disease

Datten

Chaudhary

Sharma

et al. 2023

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) infects cattle and buffalo and causes lumpy skin disease (LSD). It affects the lymph nodes of the sick animals, causing them to enlarge and appear as lumps (cutaneous nodules) that are 2–5 cm in diameter on their heads, necks, limbs, udders, genitalia, and perinea. A high temperature, a sharp drop in milk supply, discharge from the eyes and nose, salivation, a loss of appetite, depression, damaged hides, and emaciation are further warning signs and symptoms. As per the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the incubation period, or the time between an infection and symptoms, is approximately 28 days. Infected animals can transfer the virus by direct contact with the vectors, direct virus secretion from mouth or nose, shared feeding and watering troughs, and even artificial insemination. The World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) and the FAO both warn that the spread of illnesses could lead to serious economic losses. This illness reduces cow’s milk production because oral ulcers make the animal weak and lead them to lose their appetite. There are many diagnostics available for LSDV. However, very few tests yield accurate findings. The best methods for preventing and controlling the lumpy skin condition include vaccination and movement restrictions. As a specific cure is not available, the only available treatment for this illness is supportive care for cattle. Recently, India has developed a homologous, live-attenuated vaccine, Lumpi-ProVacInd, which is specifically intended to protect animals against the LSD virus. This study’s primary goal is to accumulate data on symptoms, the most accurate method of diagnosis, treatments, and controls to stop infections from spreading as well as to explore future possibilities for the management of LSDV.

show abstract

Comparative efficacy of two heterologous capripox vaccines to control lumpy skin disease in cattle

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Lumpy Skin Disease—An Emerging Cattle Disease in Europe and Asia

Lumpy Skin Disease—An Emerging Cattle Disease in Europe and Asia

Emergency vaccination of cattle against lumpy skin disease: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, and potency of MEVAC® LSD vaccine containing Neethling strain

An Extensive Examination of the Warning Signs, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Available Therapies, and Prognosis for Lumpy Skin Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About