Coating layer and influence of transition metal for ferritic stainless steel interconnector solid oxide fuel cell: A review

Huai, Tan Kang; Rahman, Hamidah Abdul; Taib, Hariati

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.06.155

Cited by 73 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…In principle, the following two main factors influence the protective performance of such coatings: the chemical composition and densification. Among various proposed materials in the spinel family, perovskites and rare earth oxides, manganese–cobalt spinel coatings have shown a good balance in terms of their chromium blocking capability, matched thermal expansion coefficient, and high electrical conductivity at the SOC operating temperatures (500–850 °C) [ 3 , 4 ]. In recent years, research has been focusing on the implementation of the electrical and thermochemical properties of the base Mn–Co spinel, by transition metal doping (mainly Cu, Fe and Ni) [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], or rare earth element modification [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manganese–Cobalt Based Spinel Coatings Processed by Electrophoretic Deposition Method: The Influence of Sintering on Degradation Issues of Solid Oxide Cell Oxygen Electrodes at 750 °C

et al. 2021

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This paper seeks to examine how the Mn–Co spinel interconnect coating microstructure can influence Cr contamination in an oxygen electrode of intermediate temperature solid oxide cells, at an operating temperature of 750 °C. A Mn–Co spinel coating is processed on Crofer 22 APU substrates by electrophoretic deposition, and subsequently sintered, following both the one-step and two-step sintering, in order to obtain significantly different densification levels. The electrochemical characterization is performed on anode-supported cells with an LSCF cathode. The cells were aged prior to the electrochemical characterization in contact with the spinel-coated Crofer 22 APU at 750 °C for 250 h. Current–voltage and impedance spectra of the cells were measured after the exposure with the interconnect. Post-mortem analysis of the interconnect and the cell was carried out, in order to assess the Cr retention capability of coatings with different microstructures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manganese–Cobalt Based Spinel Coatings Processed by Electrophoretic Deposition Method: The Influence of Sintering on Degradation Issues of Solid Oxide Cell Oxygen Electrodes at 750 °C

et al. 2021

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“…(Mn,Co) 3 O 4 spinel coating is often used to diminish the evaporation of Cr and thus reduce the performance degradation and prolong the service life of the stack. However, the theoretical conductivity of (Mn,Co) 3 O 4 spinel at elevated temperature is only 60 S/cm, which is much lower than that of the cathode material, such as LSCF > 200 S/cm at 600-800 • C [6][7][8][9]. Many efforts have been made to improve the conductivity of Mn-Co spinel coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Conductive Mn-Co Spinel Powder Prepared by Cu-Doping Used for Interconnect Protection of SOFC

et al. 2021

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Mn-Co Spinel is considered as one of the most promising materials for the interconnect protection of solid oxide fuel cells; however, its conductivity is too low to maintain a high cell performance as compared with cathode materials. Element doping is an effective method to improve the spinel conductivity. In this work, we proposed doping Mn-Co spinel powder with Cu via a solid phase reaction. CuδMn1.5−xCo1.5−yO4 with δ = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and x + y = δ was obtained. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) were used to evaluate the Cu-doping effect. After sintering at 1000 °C for 12 h, the yield exhibited the best crystallinity, density, and element distribution, with a phase composition of MnCo2O4/CuxMn3−xO4 (x = 1, 1.2, 1.4 or 1.5). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to semi-quantitatively characterize the content changes in element valence states. The areal fraction of Mn2+ and Co3+ was found to decrease when the sintering duration increased, which was attributed to the decomposition of the MnCo2O4 phase. Finally, coatings were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying with doped spinel powders and the raw powder Mn1.5Co1.5O4. It was found that Cu doping can effectively increase the conductivity of Mn-Co spinel coatings from 23 S/cm to 51 S/cm. Although the dopant Cu was found to be enriched on the surface of the coatings after the conductivity measurement, which restrained the doping effect, Cu doping remains a convenient method to significantly promote the conductivity of spinel coatings for SOFC applications.

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“…Despite the high performances of these alloys, interconnects require further reduction in oxidation [27,28], which raises the concept of external coating. The previous study states that the conductive nature of Cu provides high electrical conduction, but excessive addition of copper disturbs the thermal coefficient of the spinel [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Chromium Poisoning of Ferritic Interconnect from Annealed Spinel of CuFe2O4

Hassan

Mamat

2020

Processes

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Low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells permit the possibility of metallic interconnects over conventional ceramic interconnects. Among various metallic interconnects, the ferritic interconnects are the most promising. However, chromium poisoning in them adversely affects their performance. To resolve this issue, various coatings and pretreatment methods have been studied. Herein, this article encloses the coating of CuFe2O4 spinel over two prominent ferritic interconnects (Crofer 22 APU and SUS 430). The CuFe2O4 spinel layer coating has been developed by the dip-coating of both samples in CuFe2O4 slurry, followed by heat treatment at 800 °C in a reducing environment (5% hydrogen and 95% nitrogen). Additionally, both samples were annealed to further enhance their spinel coating structure. The morphological and crystallinity analysis confirmed that the spinel coating formed multiple layers of protection while annealing further reduced the thickness and improved the densities. Moreover, the area-specific resistance (ASR) and weight gain rate (WGR) of both samples before and after annealing was calculated using mathematical modeling, which matches with the experimental data. It has been noted that CuFe2O4 spinel coating improved the ASR and WGR of both samples which were further improved after annealing. This research reveals that the CuFe2O4 spinel is the promising protective layer for ferritic interconnects and annealing is the better processing technique for achieving the preferred properties.

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Coating layer and influence of transition metal for ferritic stainless steel interconnector solid oxide fuel cell: A review

Cited by 73 publications

References 100 publications

Manganese–Cobalt Based Spinel Coatings Processed by Electrophoretic Deposition Method: The Influence of Sintering on Degradation Issues of Solid Oxide Cell Oxygen Electrodes at 750 °C

Manganese–Cobalt Based Spinel Coatings Processed by Electrophoretic Deposition Method: The Influence of Sintering on Degradation Issues of Solid Oxide Cell Oxygen Electrodes at 750 °C

Highly Conductive Mn-Co Spinel Powder Prepared by Cu-Doping Used for Interconnect Protection of SOFC

Mitigation of Chromium Poisoning of Ferritic Interconnect from Annealed Spinel of CuFe2O4

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