Clinical profile and outcome of rodenticide poisoning in patients admitted to a tertiary care teaching hospital in Mysore, Karnataka, India

Abstract

Background: Rodenticide poisoning is of the major types of poisoning prevalent in India. However this broad category consists of different type of compounds with different mechanisms of toxicity and variable mortality rates. Methods: This study was performed on all cases of rodenticide poisonings admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Mysore between May 2014 and April 2015. Study consisted of 64 subjects. Results: 31 subjects had consumed aluminium phosphide, 18 had consumed Yellow Phosphorus and 12 had consumed Zinc Phosphide while 3 patients had consumed bromadiolone. There were 13 mortalities among the study group out of which 9 were in aluminium phosphide group while 4 were in the yellow phosphorus group. There were no mortalities in cases who had consumed zinc phosphide and bromodiolone. Conclusions: Aluminium phosphide was the most common compound rodenticide consumed and it was associated with increased mortality as compared to other Rodenticide poison.

Yellow Phosphorous Poisoning: An Observational Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital

“…11 The Indian studies by Chikkaveeraiah et al, Ramesha et al and Nalabothu et al have noted an increased preponderance of poisoning in male subjects than females. [7][8][9] Whereas, the present study has noted a significant predominance in females, belonging to the younger age group compared to male cases. In concurrence with these findings, Banerjee et al and Suneetha et al have observed that the incidence of poisoning was higher in female subjects than in males.…”

“…Similar to the present study findings, Chikkaveeraiah et al have reported that majority of the admitted subjects (53.1%) belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. 7 Ramesha et al (2009) have also noted increased incidence of poisoning in subjects belonging to 20-29 years age, followed by 12-19 years. 9 Banerjee et al (2014), reported poisoning majorly in younger age group individuals.…”

“…A similar study by Chikkaveeraiah et al (2016) has reported a total of 64 cases admitted with rodenticide poisoning, during a period of one year, among which the yellow phosphorous poisoning was noticed in 18 cases. 7 Nalabothu et al (2015), also reported suicidal cases of rodenticide poisoning (44% by yellow phosphorous) in around 95% of the cases. Among the reported cases the incidence was found to be higher in the age group of 18-40 years.…”

A study on outcome of rodenticide poisoning patients admitted to a tertiary care teaching hospital in relation to the chemical content of that poison

“…Study done by Kuppegala S et al, at Mysore, Karnataka, showed aluminum phosphide (48.4%) was most common rodenticide, followed by yellow phosphorus (28.1%) and zinc phosphide (18.8%) respectively. 9 Study done by Balasubramanian K et al, Pondicherry shows coumarin was the most common rodenticide (37.5%), followed by zinc phosphide (33.33%) ( Table 6). 6,9,10 Most common symptom was vomiting (70%), followed by pain abdomen (50%) and giddiness (30%) respectively.…”

“…9 Study done by Balasubramanian K et al, Pondicherry shows coumarin was the most common rodenticide (37.5%), followed by zinc phosphide (33.33%) ( Table 6). 6,9,10 Most common symptom was vomiting (70%), followed by pain abdomen (50%) and giddiness (30%) respectively. Study done by Balasubramanian K et at, Pondicherry, showed 36.67 % patients had nausea and vomiting, followed by giddiness (20%) and pain abdomen (16.7%).…”