Climate sensitivity of the Earth to solar irradiance

Abstract

[1] The mean surface temperature of the Earth depends on various climate factors with much attention directed toward possible anthropogenic causes. However, one must first determine the stronger effects such as El Niño/La Niña and volcanoes. A weaker effect, which must exist, is solar irradiance. We have determined the solar effect on the temperature from satellites measurements (available since 1979) of the solar irradiance and the temperature of the lower troposphere. We find the sensitivity to solar irradiance to be about twice that expected from a no-feedback StefanBoltzmann radiation balance model. This climate gain of a factor of two implies positive feedback. We also have determined a linear trend in the data. These results are robust under truncation from either end of the of the data record. These measurements of solar sensitivity are consistent with prior estimates from ocean temperatures on decadal scales and of paleo-reconstructed temperatures on centennial scales.

Climate responses to SATIRE and SIM-based spectral solar forcing in a 3D atmosphere-ocean coupled GCM

“…The global surface air temperature response to SATIRE forcing has a peak about 0.12°C near the upper bound of those in Misios et al (2015) (Fig. 2 in that study) and comparable to those (0.08-0.16°C) from earlier studies (e.g., White et al 1997;Tung & Camp 2008;Douglass & Clader 2002). The peaked global surface temperature response to SIM-based solar forcing is only about 0.02°C near the lower bound those in Misios et al Although both responses have similar shape, the signal for SATIRE forcing is significant at the 90% level, whereas the significance level for SIM-based solar forcing is only 40%, so it is more likely (60%) due to chance.…”

“…Lagged surface air temperature response is a characteristic feature of the planet Earth due to large heat capacity of the oceans (Cahalan et al 2010;Douglass & Clader 2002;Gray et al 2013;Misios et al 2015;Tung & Camp 2008;White et al 1997). The global surface air temperature response to SATIRE 11-year forcing is about 0.12°C lagging the solar forcing by 3 years and is significant.…”

Solar Influence on Global and Regional Climates

“…The extent to which the solar-cycle variations are damped is still a matter of debate. Some studies find that the GMAST response to recent solar cycles may be 0.1 K or larger (White et al 1997;Douglass and Clader 2002;Camp and Tung 2007;Lean and Rind 2009). However, some of the apparent responses found in regression studies of empirical data may not, in reality, be due to real associations and causality.…”

Geomagnetic field and climate variability. 1. Spatial-temporal distribution of geomagnetic field and climatic parameters during XX century

“… îáùåé ñõåìå ñîëíå÷íî-çåìíûõ ñâÿçåé ìå-õàíèçìû ïåðåäà÷è ýíåðãèè è ïðîöåññû â öå-ïî÷êå Ñîëíöå ìàãíèòîñôåðà èîíîñôåðà èçó÷åíû äîñòàòî÷íî õîðîøî.  ïîñëåäíèå äâà äåñÿòèëåòèÿ â èññëåäîâàíèÿõ âëèÿíèÿ Ñîëí-öà íà èçìåíåíèÿ ãëîáàëüíîé òåìïåðàòóðû äî-ñòèãíóò çíà÷èòåëüíûé ïðîãðåññ, åñòü äîñòàòî÷-íî äîêàçàòåëüñòâ, ñâèäåòåëüñòâóþùèõ î âëèÿ-íèè âàðèàöèé ñîëíå÷íîé ýíåðãèè íà èçìåíå-íèå êëèìàòà (ñì., íàïðèìåð, [Svensmark, FriisChristensen, 1997 è ññûëêè â íåé; Douglass, Clader, 2002]). Ìíîãèå èññëåäîâàíèÿ óêàçûâàþò íà äîëãîñðî÷íûé àñïåêò ñîëíå÷íî-êëèìàòè÷åñêèõ âçàèìîäåéñòâèé [Reid, 1987[Reid, , 1991[Reid, , 2000White et al, 1997].…”