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2 Óêðàèíñêèé ãèäðîìåòåîðîëîãè÷åñêèé èíñòèòóò ÍÀÍ Óêðàèíû è Ãîñóäàðñòâåííîé ñëóaeáû Óêðàèíû ïî ÷ðåçâû÷àéíûì ñèòóàöèÿì , Êèåâ, Óêðàèíà 3 Íàöèîíàëüíûé èíñòèòóò ãåîôèçèêè, ãåîäåçèè è ãåîãðàôèè, Áîëãàðñêàÿ àêàäåìèÿ íàóê, Ñîôèÿ, ÁîëãàðèÿÏîñòóïèëà 18 ñåíòÿáðÿ 2013 ã. Ïðåäñòàâëåíî ÷ëåíîì ðåäêîëëåãèè  . Í . ØóìàíîìÀíàë³ç ãîëîâíîãî ãåîìàãí³òíîãî ïîëÿ (çà ìîäåëëþ IGRF) òà êë³ìàòè÷íèõ ïàðàìåòð³â ïðèçåìíî¿ òåìïåðàòóðè ïîâ³òðÿ ³ ïðèçåìíîãî òèñêó, äàâ çìîãó ïðîñòåaeèòè ¿õ ãëîáàëüí³ çì³-íè ïðîòÿãîì XX ñò. ³ âèÿâèòè ì³ae íèìè ïðîñòîðîâî-÷àñîâèé çâ ÿçîê. Ïðîàíàë³çîâàíî ³íòåã-ðàëüí³ õàðàêòåðèñòèêè ãåîìàãí³òíîãî ïîëÿ, ïîë³â ïðèçåìíî¿ òåìïåðàòóðè ³ òèñêó, ðîçðàõî-âàí³ çà ºäèíîþ ìåòîäèêîþ, ³ äèíàì³êó öèõ ïîë³â äëÿ øèðîòíîãî ïîÿñó 40 70° ïí. ø. Ó ðå-çóëüòàò³ âèÿâëåíî ðåã³îíàëüí³ òà ãëîáàëüí³ îñîáëèâîñò³, âèçíà÷åíî â³äïîâ³äí³ çàãàëüí³ õà-ðàêòåðèñòèêè. Ó ïðîñòîðîâî-÷àñîâ³é ñòðóêòóð³ ìàãí³òíîãî ïîëÿ ÕÕ ñò. âèä³ëåíî òðè ³íòåð-âàëè, ùî õàðàêòåðèçóþòüñÿ ð³çíîþ ïîâåä³íêîþ ãåîìàãí³òíîãî ïîëÿ. Âîíè óçãîäaeóþòüñÿ ç òðüîìà ïåð³îäàìè çì³íè ãëîáàëüíî¿ òåìïåðàòóðè: ïåðâèííå ãëîáàëüíå ïîòåïë³ííÿ (1911 1943), ïåð³îä ñòàá³ë³çàö³¿ ç ê³íöÿ 1940-õ äî ïî÷àòêó ñåðåäèíè 1970-õ ðîê³â, âòîðèííå ãëîáàëüíå ïîòåïë³ííÿ ç ïî÷àòêó ñåðåäèíè 1970-õ ðîê³â äî òåïåð³øíüîãî ÷àñó. ³çóàëü-íî ì³ñöå ðîçòàøóâàííÿ îñíîâíèõ ñòðóêòóð ãåîìàãí³òíîãî ïîëÿ, áàðè÷íîãî ïîëÿ ³ ïîëÿ òåì-ïåðàòóð ó ϳâí³÷í³é ï³âêóë³ ïðîòÿãîì ÕÕ ñò. äîñèòü äîáðå çá³ãàºòüñÿ. Âèñîêèé êîåô³ö³ºíò ïîä³áíîñò³ ³íòåãðàëüíèõ ñòîë³òí³õ êðèâèõ ìîäóëÿ ïîâíîãî âåêòîðà ãåîìàãí³òíîãî ïîëÿ F ³ ïðèçåìíî¿ òåìïåðàòóðè T (R FT ) = 0,83 äîñèòü íåñïîä³âàíèé. Âðàõîâóþ÷è ìåòîäèêó, çà ÿêîþ áóâ îòðèìàíèé ³ îáðîáëåíèé ôàêòè÷íèé ìàòåð³àë, âàaeêî óÿâèòè, ùî òàêà êîðåëÿö³ÿ º âè-ïàäêîâîþ. ßêùî ïðè÷èííî-íàñë³äêîâèé çâ ÿçîê ³ñíóº, òî î÷åâèäíî, ùî ãåîìàãí³òíå ïîëå ÿêèìîñü ÷èíîì âïëèâຠíà òåìïåðàòóðó (àáî òèñê), àëå íå íàâïàêè. Ìåõàí³çìè, çà äîïîìî-ãîþ ÿêèõ ãåîìàãí³òíå ïîëå ìîaeå âïëèâàòè íà êë³ìàò íà ð³çíèõ ÷àñîâèõ ìàñøòàáàõ, ìàëî âè-â÷åí³ ³ º îñíîâíîþ ïðîáëåìîþ. Ãîëîâíå ìàãí³òíå ïîëå Çåìë³ ðîçãëÿíóòî ÿê ïåðøà ãîëîâíà ëàíêà ïðè÷èííî-íàñë³äêîâèõ çâ ÿçê³â ëàíöþaeêà ìàãí³òíå ïîëå êë³ìàò. Ñòèñëî âèêëàäå-íî ñó÷àñí³ óÿâëåííÿ ïðî ìîaeëèâ³ ìåõàí³çìè âïëèâó ñîíÿ÷íî¿ àêòèâíîñò³ ³ ãåîìàãí³òíîãî ïî-ëÿ íà êë³ìàò. Çàçíà÷åíî, ùî îñíîâíà ðîëü ó íèõ íàëåaeèòü ãàëàêòè÷íèì êîñì³÷íèì ïðîìå-íÿì. Ïðåäñòàâëåíèé ìàòåð³àë ëåaeèòü â îñíîâ³ äðóãî¿ ÷àñòèíè ñòàòò³, äå ïðîñòåaeåíî ëàíöþ-aeîê ïðè÷èííî-íàñë³äêîâèõ çâ ÿçê³â âàð³àö³é ìàãí³òíîãî ïîëÿ Çåìë³, ãàëàêòè÷íèõ êîñì³÷íèõ ïðîìåí³â, âàð³àö³é âì³ñòó îçîíó ³ ê³ëüêîñò³ âîäÿíî¿ ïàðè ó âåðõí³é òðîïîñôåð³ / íèaeí³é ñòðàòîñôåð³, ùî â ï³äñóìêó ïðèçâîäèòü äî çì³íè ðàä³àö³éíîãî áàëàíñó íàøî¿ ïëàíåòè ³, ÿê íàñë³äîê, äî çì³í ïðèçåìíî¿ òåìïåðàòóðè òà êë³ìàòó.Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: ãåîìàãí³òíå ïîëå, çì³íè êë³ìàòó, ïðèçåìíà òåìïåðàòóðà ³ àòìîñôåðíèé òèñê.

Abstract:Climate change over the territory of the Atlantic-European sector during the recent decades is studied with reference to changes in the largescale atmospheric circulation. The classification of synoptic patterns (from the class of most probably to the class of least probable fields) is given for winter and summer for the last three decades, starting from 1974-1983. The synoptic pattern of the most probable class of field sea-level pressure shows high pressure over Europe in , which from decade to decade occupies more and more territory in summer and winter. The high temporal stability of predominant synoptic patterns is responsible for long-lived events of extreme warm and dry weather in winter and in summer for heat waves and droughts. The synoptic patterns corresponding to such dangerous weather conditions as extreme cold, strong precipitation, glaze ice, strong winds, hail etc. are discussed as well.

This article presents the current state of the climate regime of the Antarctic Peninsula region. Characteristic of regional warming and reasons for the formation of extreme weather events are studied by means of long-term changes in near-surface air temperature on the Ukrainian Antarctic Vernadsky station, as well as other stations with long-term uninterrupted series. Regime of precipitation and surface wind at Vernadsky station is also studied.