Classifying Political Regimes in Latin

Mainwaring, Scott; Brinks, Daniel M.; Pérez‐Liñán, Aníbal

doi:10.1007/bf02687584

Cited by 219 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Democracy without the inclusion of most of Bthe people,^or without liberties that make elections meaningful, is an oxymoron. Accordingly, the majority of attempts to measure democracy in the world include suffrage and freedom of expression (e.g., Bollen 1980;Coppedge and Reinicke 1990;Hadenius 1992;Gasiorowski 1996;Mainwaring et al 2001;Bowman et al 2005;Coppedge et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Polyarchy Across the Globe, 1900–2017

et al. 2018

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This paper presents a new measure polyarchy for a global sample of 182 countries from 1900 to 2017 based on the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) data, deriving from an expert survey of more than 3000 country experts from around the world, with on average 5 experts rating each indicator. By measuring the five components of Elected Officials, Clean Elections, Associational Autonomy, Inclusive Citizenship, and Freedom of Expression and Alternative Sources of Information separately, we anchor this new index directly in Dahl's (1971) extremely influential theoretical framework. The paper describes how the five polyarchy components were measured and provides the rationale for how to aggregate them to the polyarchy scale. We find Department of Political Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark that personal characteristics or ideological predilections of the V-Dem country experts do not systematically predict their ratings on our indicators. We also find strong correlations with other existing measures of electoral democracy, but also decisive differences where we believe the evidence supports the polyarchy index having higher face validity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Polyarchy Across the Globe, 1900–2017

et al. 2018

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“…override theoretical issues of conceptualization. It remains a fact that the bulk of work attempting to measure democracy in the world has relied on Dahl's more maximalist conceptualization (e.g., Bollen 1980Bollen , 1990Coppedge & Reinicke 1990;Hadenius 1992;Gasiorowski 1996;Mainwaring et al 2001;Bowman et al 2005). On the other hand, this is a false dichotomy given adequate data and…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Electoral Democracy with V-Dem Data: Introducing a New Polyarchy Index

et al. 2016

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Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) is a new approach to the conceptualization and measurement of democracy. It is co-hosted by the University of Gothenburg and University of Notre Dame. With a VDem Institute at University of Gothenburg that comprises almost ten staff members, and a project team across the world with four Principal Investigators, fifteen Project Managers, 30+ Regional Managers, 170 Country Coordinators, Research Assistants, and 2,500 Country Experts, the V-Dem project is one of the largest-ever social science research-oriented data collection programs.Please address comments and/or queries for information to: .0166, V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; as well as by internal grants from the Vice-Chancellor's office, the Dean of the College of social Sciences, and the Department of Political Science at University of Gothenburg. Jan Teorell also wishes to acknowledge support from the Wenner-Gren Foundation and the Fernand Braudel Senior Fellowship at the European University Institute, Florence, which made it possible for him to work on this paper. We performed simulations and other computational tasks using resources provided by the Notre Dame Center for Research Computing (CRC) through the High Performance Computing section and the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at the National Supercomputer Centre in Sweden. We specifically acknowledge the assistance of In-Saeng Suh at CRC and Johan Raber at SNIC in facilitating our use of their respective systems. 2 AbstractThis paper presents a new measure of electoral democracy, or "polyarchy", for a global sample of 173 countries from 1900 to the present based on the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) data, enabling us to address several deficiencies in extant measures of electoral democracy, such as Freedom House and Polity. The V-Dem data derive from expert polls of more than 2,600 country experts from around the world, with on average 5 experts rating each indicator. By measuring the five components of "Elected officials", "Free and fair elections", "Freedom of expression", "Associational autonomy" and "Inclusive citizenship" separately, we anchor this new index directly in Dahl's (1971) extremely influential theoretical framework, and can both show how well indicators match components as well as how components map the overall index. We also find that characteristics of the V-Dem country experts do not systematically predict their ratings on our indicators, nor differences between these ratings and existing measures such as FH and Polity, with which they are strongly correlated. Finally, we provide systematic measures of uncertainty (or measurement error) at every level. We showcase the usefulness of the new measure for understanding developments of electoral democracy over time, for comparing countries at a particular time point, and for understanding its relationship to economic modernization through disaggregation.3

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“…Por otro lado, al estallar escándalos de corrupción vinculados a dos expresidentes del PUSC, este partido pareció colapsar cuando en las siguientes elecciones se redujo drásticamente su caudal. El cuadro 1 ofrece un vistazo de dichas transformaciones, focalizándose en el periodo durante el cual Costa Rica consolida su democracia luego de la guerra civil de 1948 (Bowman, 2000;Mainwaring, Brinks y Pérez-Liñán, 2007). La secunda columna muestra la caída de la participación electoral a partir de 1998.…”

Section: Tendencias Del Comportamiento Electoral Costarricenseunclassified

Lealtad y castigo: comportamiento electoral en Costa Rica

Pignataro

2017

RUCP

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Resumen: Se analiza la preferencia del voto en las elecciones nacionales de Costa Rica en 2010 y 2014, contrastando un caso en el que se premia al partido oficialista por medio de la continuidad con otro en el que se le castiga con la derrota. Se modela la decisión del voto incluyendo variables sociodemográficas, partidismo y evaluación retrospectiva del gobierno. Se encuentra que los factores sociodemográficos explican menos en comparación con un modelo más parsimonioso compuesto por el partidismo y la evaluación retrospectiva. Se concluye que el partidismo es relevante inclusive en períodos de desalineamiento y que aun en países sin reelección consecutiva la opinión pública toma en consideración su satisfacción con el gobierno saliente al votar.Palabras clave: voto, partidismo, evaluación retrospectiva, Costa Rica Abstract: The vote choice is analyzed in the national elections of Costa Rica in 2010 and 2014, contrasting one case in which the ruling party is rewarded with the continuity with another in which it is punished by defeat. The voting choice is modeled including socio-demographic variables, partisanship, and retrospective government evaluation. It is found that the different socio-demographic factors explain less compared to a more parsimonious model composed by partisanship and retrospective evaluation. It is concluded that partisanship is relevant even in periods of dealignment and that also in countries without consecutive reelection the public opinion takes into consideration their satisfaction with the incumbent when voting.

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Classifying Political Regimes in Latin

Cited by 219 publications

References 27 publications

Measuring Polyarchy Across the Globe, 1900–2017

Measuring Polyarchy Across the Globe, 1900–2017

Measuring Electoral Democracy with V-Dem Data: Introducing a New Polyarchy Index

Lealtad y castigo: comportamiento electoral en Costa Rica

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