Classification System for Ash Deposits Based on Sem analyses

Laursen, Karin; Frandsen, Flemming

doi:10.1007/0-306-46920-0_14

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…At the laboratory scale, other opportunities are available for ash particle analysis (Galbreath et al, 1996; Laursen and Frandsen, 1997) and for the determination of ash melting behaviour (Gilbe et al, 2008).…”

Section: Fuel Characterization To Determine Criteria For the Use Of Srfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criteria for solid recovered fuels as a substitute for fossil fuels – a review

et al. 2012

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The waste treatment, particularly the thermal treatment of waste has changed fundamentally in the last 20 years, i.e. from facilities solely dedicated to the thermal treatment of waste to facilities, which in addition to that ensure the safe plant operation and fulfill very ambitious criteria regarding emission reduction, resource recovery and energy efficiency as well. Therefore this contributes to the economic use of raw materials and due to the energy recovered from waste also to the energy provision. The development described had the consequence that waste and solid recovered fuels (SRF) has to be evaluated based on fuel criteria as well. Fossil fuels - coal, crude oil, natural gas etc. have been extensively investigated due to their application in plants for energy conversion and also due to their use in the primary industry. Thereby depending on the respective processes, criteria on fuel technical properties can be derived. The methods for engineering analysis of regular fuels (fossil fuels) can be transferred only partially to SRF. For this reason methods are being developed or adapted to current analytical methods for the characterization of SRF. In this paper the possibilities of the energetic utilization of SRF and the characterization of SRF before and during the energetic utilization will be discussed.

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Section: Fuel Characterization To Determine Criteria For the Use Of Srfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criteria for solid recovered fuels as a substitute for fossil fuels – a review

et al. 2012

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“…Hatt suggested a classification system for deposits based on their macroscopic appearance. More recently, Laursen and Frandsen identified five different classes of deposits based on their microscopic appearance or texture. Scanning electron microscopy was used by Ramer and Martello to characterize quantitatively the average morphological features of several deposits .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composition data can be obtained at discrete points in a deposit with the use of scanning electron microscopy point count (SEMPC), a technique which combines X-ray and image analysis . A limitation of the SEMPC technique is that it does not provide information on the morphology of the deposit …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microanalytical Characterization of Slagging Deposits from a Pilot-Scale Combustor

1999

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Detailed analyses of coal ash deposits were performed with the use of SEM, X-ray, and image analysis in order to characterize local deposit properties as a function of position. Such analyses are important for understanding and predicting the thermal and physical properties of ash deposits. The present study used measurements of deposit composition and morphology to identify four characteristic regions in the deposits: the initial region, adjacent region, middle region, and outer region. These regions were used as a basis for quantitative description of the transitions which occur from the particulate initial layer to the highly sintered outer layer. Detailed properties of each of these regions are presented and discussed. Understanding developed from this characterization provides a basis for the development and validation of predictive models of the deposition process.

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“…Based on scanning electron microscope analyses, the deposits collected on the probes during the full-scale trials could be classified into five main textural types: 1) a porous deposit; 2) a powder deposit; 3) an iron-rich deposit; 4) a semi-fused slag; and 5) a fused slag (Laursen, 1997;Laursen et al, 1997). Table 5 summarizes the deposit types collected on the cooled metal and un-cooled ceramic probes during combustion of the six coals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 5 summarizes the deposit types collected on the cooled metal and un-cooled ceramic probes during combustion of the six coals. These five textural types have both textural and chemical characteristics and have been used for interpretation of the mechanisms controlling the deposition of each of the deposit types (Laursen, 1997;Laursen et al, 1997).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%