“…where D r H°m(g) = − (20.3 2 7.8) kJ·mol − 1 , demonstrating an increase in stabilization energy (19.9 2 5.5) kJ·mol −1 of the products over the reactants because the following reaction is thermoneutral, (12) where D r H°m(g) = − (0.8 2 1.4) kJ·mol − 1 . Thus, these results indicate an increase in delocalization energy of (38.7 2 5.0) kJ·mol −1 in thenoyltrifluoroacetone compared with thiophene, and of (19.9 2 5.5) kJ·mol −1 in the benzoyltrifluoroacetone compared with benzene.…”
“…where D r H°m(g) = − (20.3 2 7.8) kJ·mol − 1 , demonstrating an increase in stabilization energy (19.9 2 5.5) kJ·mol −1 of the products over the reactants because the following reaction is thermoneutral, (12) where D r H°m(g) = − (0.8 2 1.4) kJ·mol − 1 . Thus, these results indicate an increase in delocalization energy of (38.7 2 5.0) kJ·mol −1 in thenoyltrifluoroacetone compared with thiophene, and of (19.9 2 5.5) kJ·mol −1 in the benzoyltrifluoroacetone compared with benzene.…”
“…5, where the critical pressure (25,26,30,31) condensation of supercooled naphthalene that corresponds to the experimental observations. The values of correction factor F Å 0.68 0 0.72 used in the computations are in conforexperimental data (24).…”
mentioning
confidence: 51%
“…A required dependence of critical supersaturation S c on literature (25,26,30,31), variation of density of solid with temperature were obtained as a linear fit to the available temperature of substrate can be obtained by setting some predictions is shown in Fig. 5, where the critical pressure (25,26,30,31) condensation of supercooled naphthalene that corresponds to the experimental observations.…”
mentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Å 72.6 kJrmol 01 (26,30,31), DH vap Å 50.7 kJrmol 01 (25,26), and the surface tension of liquid naphthalene from Then by varying the contact angle of water on solid naphthalene (22,23) with temperature, the surface tension of water from …”
“…The energy per pulse was in the linear regime of naphthalene fluorescence at room temperature and verified at 525 K. The monitored energy per pulse was used to correct the fluorescence signal. The temperature of the naphthalene saturation cell was closely monitored, which was used to correct the fluorescence signal for changing naphthalene vapor pressure 14 , but there still seems to be some lack of precision in this process. Figure 7(a) shows that the fluorescence increases sharply at lower temperatures and levels off with higher temperatures, but this trend is not entirely trustworthy considering the uncertainty.…”
Section: Lif Linearity With Laser Fluencementioning
A new technique is currently under development that uses planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) imaging of sublimated naphthalene to image the transport of ablation products in a hypersonic boundary layer. The primary motivation for this work is to understand scalar transport in hypersonic boundary layers and to develop a database for validation of computational models. The naphthalene is molded into a rectangular insert that is mounted flush with the floor of a Mach 5 wind tunnel. The distribution of naphthalene in the boundary layer is imaged by using PLIF, where the laser excitation is at 266 nm and the fluorescence is collected in the range of 320 to 380 nm. To investigate the use of naphthalene PLIF as a quantitative diagnostic technique, a series of experiments is conducted to determine the linearity of the fluorescence signal with laser fluence, as well as the temperature and pressure dependencies of the signal. The naphthalene fluorescence at 297 K is determined to be linear for laser fluence that is less than about 200 J/m 2. The temperature dependence of the naphthalene fluorescence signal is found at atmospheric pressure over the temperature range of 297K to 525K. A monotonic increase in the fluorescence is observed with increasing temperature. Naphthalene fluorescence lifetime measurements were also made in pure-air and nitrogen environments at 300 K over the range 3.3 kPa to 101.3 kPa. The results in air show the expected Stern-Volmer behavior with decreasing lifetimes at increasing pressure, whereas nitrogen exhibits the opposite trend. Preliminary PLIF images of the sublimated naphthalene are acquired in a Mach 5 turbulent boundary layer. Relatively low signal-to-noise-ratio images were obtained at a stagnation temperature of 345 K, but much higher quality images were obtained at a stagnation temperature of 375 K. Our results indicate that PLIF of sublimating naphthalene may be an effective tool for studying scalar transport in hypersonic flows.
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