Chemical investigations on bitter pit of apples

Askew, H.; Chittenden, E. T.; Monk, R. J.; Watson, J. N.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1960.10419869

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There is a vast amount of evidence that the relationship between Ca and other minerals are also involved in the development of BP. Our study was not the exception, and found the same mineral ratio trends reported in previous studies back in the 1960 s [7], or as new as Do Amarante et al [29]. Both studies suggest there is a cationic competition that can be given by the favored absorption of N, K, and Mg relative to Ca or by its translocation and uptake into the fruit (Figures 2 and 3).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Nearly sixty years ago, Bünemann [6] studied the nutrient concentrations in pit-affected areas and healthy tissue, and found a relationship between nutrients and BP, since the disorder did not develop upon Ca deficiency alone. In addition, he observed lower values of Ca, N, and K in the 'pitted' tissues and higher concentrations of Mg than in the healthy tissue, the same as Askew et al [7] where they reported four-fold more Mg in pitted tissue. Mg is antagonist to Ca which could be explained by the absorption (soil supply, irrigation, or white roots growth), or by the distribution of Ca inside the plant.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…In these early years, the idea of a nutritional unbalance was already hypothesized, as well the possibility that a 'failure' in the vascular system could be related to nutritional changes leading to BP incidence in the fruit [5,6]. Askew et al [7] also studied the incidence of pitting and the numerical ratios of nutrient for diagnostic purposes. All these studies lead to the conclusion that the primary elements involved in BP are Ca, Mg, K, and N. In the 1960 s, Martin et al [8] reported in low Ca-treated trees that Ca is the main nutrient that affects the balance with the other elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nutritional Relationships in Bitter Pit-Affected Fruit and the Feasibility of Vis-NIR Models to Determine Calcium Concentration in ‘Fuji’ Apples

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

‘Fuji’ is among the most cultivated apples worldwide but affected by the disorder bitter pit (BP). Calcium deficiency plays an important role on fruit susceptibility to BP. The objectives of this study were to determine nutritional relationships in BP-affected fruit and to verify if Vis-NIR models can predict Ca concentration in ‘Fuji’ apples. Fruit was harvested during 2018 season from two different orchards with historical high BP incidence. Seven hundred and fifty apples were stored at 0 °C for 150 days plus 10 days at 20 °C for BP assessments. After storage, 20 fruit with BP symptoms (BP+) and 20 healthy fruit (BP−) were assessed individually for mineral concentration. Vis-NIR evaluation involved a spectra range from 285 to 1200 nm to predict Ca concentration from ‘Fuji’ powder enriched Ca solutions. In each orchard, healthy apples had significantly higher Ca concentration than apples with BP. The K/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios were significantly lower in healthy fruit compared with BP− affected fruit. The relationship B/Ca proved to be significant in BP fruit. Although Ca interaction with organic substances and/or cellular structures could influence NIR spectra in fresh fruit, our results showed that Vis-NIR models could not be used to direct prediction of fruit Ca concentration.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nutritional Relationships in Bitter Pit-Affected Fruit and the Feasibility of Vis-NIR Models to Determine Calcium Concentration in ‘Fuji’ Apples

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bitter pit is a consequence of insufficient Ca supply to the fruits. Even though Mg itself is not directly related to this nutritional disorder, the Ca/Mg ratio can serve as an indicator for the incidence of bitter pit (Askew et al 1960). However, Marcelle (1995) states that in older literature the evaluation of the susceptibility to bitter pit was determined by forming two different ratios including Mg: K/(Ca + Mg) and (K + Mg)/Ca.…”

Section: Fruitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of magnesium for crop quality

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The quality of agricultural and horticultural products and its modulation by fertilization has increasingly received attention. However, whereas the importance of magnesium (Mg) as an essential plant nutrient is well established, the impact of Mg nutrition on quality parameters has only been rarely addressed. Scope This review aims at evaluating the available knowledge on the influence of Mg on produce quality. A short discussion on the term quality as used in this review is followed by an overview of the various functions of Mg in plant metabolism in relation to quality aspects. Finally, the available literature on Mg-associated effects on crop quality is critically surveyed. The question whether Mg application beyond yield optimum further improves crop quality is specifically addressed. Conclusion Increasing Mg supply on Mg-deficient sites tends to increase the quality of agricultural crops, particularly when the formation of quality traits is dependent on Mg-driven photosynthesis and assimilate translocation within the plant. In fruits and vegetables, ratios of Mg to other nutrients like Ca and K were shown to be a more reliable indicator of the quality response than the Mg status alone. Moreover, it is concluded that Mg doses beyond those required for maximum yield rarely induce a further improvement of produce quality.

show abstract