Changes in Acute-Phase Proteins and Cytokines in Serum and Milk Whey from Dairy Cows with Naturally Occurring Peracute Mastitis Caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and the Relationship to Clinical Outcome

Abstract

ABSTRACT. This study was conducted to evaluate the changes in acute-phase proteins and cytokine concentrations in dairy cows with naturally occurring peracute Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) mastitis and their association with the outcome of the disease. Seventeen Holstein cows with K. pneumoniae mastitis from 8 dairy farms were divided on the basis of outcome after local and systemic therapy into 2 groups comprising 8 euthanized cows and 9 that recovered. Changes in acute-phase proteins and cytokine concentrations in cows with K. pneumoniae mastitis were evaluated at the onset of the disease (day 0) and at days 3, 7 and 14 after therapy and compared with those of 13 healthy dairy cows. The concentrations of haptoglobin (Hp) and interleukin (IL)-6 in serum and α 1 -acid glycoprotein and IL-1β in serum and whey on day 0 were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the euthanized cows than in those that recovered and the healthy cows. A correlation (r=0.90, P<0.01, n=17) was found between IL-6 and Hp concentrations in sera from recovered and euthanized cows at day 0. This indicated that serum concentrations of Hp and IL-6 at the initial examination were prognostic factors for survival, and the cutoff values were 2,020 μg/ml and 32 ng/ml, respectively. These results suggest that IL-6 and Hp concentrations are involved in the manifestation of K. pneumoniae mastitis and may be possible indicators of the prognosis of peracute K. pneumoniae mastitis.KEY WORDS: acute-phase protein, cytokine, dairy cow, Klebsiella pneumoniae, peracute mastitis.

Changes in ionized calcium concentration in the blood of dairy cows with peracute coliform mastitis

“…The cows that recovered produced the same milk yield as they did prior to day 0. In our previous report [11], PCM caused by K. pneumoniae was severely symptomatic and ceased lactation in mastitic quarter. Reports indicated that administration of enrofloxacin as treatment of acute mastitis caused by E. coli improved appetite and lowered the number of somatic cells in the mastitic quarter after treatment [19,22].…”

“…In humans, hypocalcemia in critically ill patients with burn injuries or sepsis is associated with CASR gene-mediated up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β via NF-kappa-B elements, and by IL-6 via Stat1/3 and Sp1/3 elements in the CASR gene promoter, respectively [3,10]. We have previously reported that the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in the serum and whey of PCM cows at day 0 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those in healthy cows [11]. The TCa concentrations of PCM cows at day 0 were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those of healthy cows, and iCa concentrations tended to be lower.…”

Interleukin‐6 as a prognostic marker in dogs in an intensive care unit

“…Cows that later had to be euthanized had significantly higher concentrations of IL‐6 ( P < .05) than recovering and healthy cows. These results suggest the utility of IL‐6 as a variable that may indicate the clinical outcome and prognosis of peracute K pneumoniae mastitis . Most studies on IL‐6 so far compared the prognostic value of the inflammatory markers in sick animals with already established infection, SIRS, or septicemia.…”

An update on environmental mastitis: Challenging perceptions

“…is not as well studied as for E. coli , but there is a recent review dedicated to comparative analysis of their pathogenicity and immune response patterns (Schukken et al., ). In experimental studies, Klebsiella elicits more severe clinical signs and a stronger immune response than E. coli , whereby serum haptoglobin, interleukin (IL)‐1 and IL‐6 concentrations in serum are indicative of the chance of survival (Hisaeda et al., ). On‐farm mortality due to Klebsiella can be high (Ostrum, Thomas, & Zadoks, ; Schukken et al., ).…”