Biological products in association with organic matter to control Meloidogyne javanica in tomato

Abstract

Root-knot nematodes are responsible for significant tomato production losses and require taking integrated control measures. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the association between biological control and organic matter sources to Meloidogyne javanica control in tomato. In order to do so, two experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions, in two different periods. Tomato plants were transplanted to pots and inoculated with 2,000 M. javanica eggs. Plants were treated with either Nem-Out™ or Compost-Aid ® biological control products, which were individually applied or in association with organic wastes such as poultry litter, filter cake, rice hull and coffee hull. Nematological and vegetative parameters were evaluated 60 days later. The treatments, except for Nem-Out™ + poultry litter and Compost-Aid ® + poultry litter, were efficient in reducing the number of galls. Treatment with Nem-Out™ + filter cake presented 83% gall reduction, whereas Compost-Aid ® + filter cake presented 98.5% reduction. The associations between Nem-Out™ + poultry litter and Compost-Aid ® + poultry litter did reduce the number of nematodes g -1 of root. Reduction in this parameter were observed for all others treatments, mainly when there was association between biological control (both, Nem-Out™ and Compost-Aid ® ) and organic wastes; the treatment with Nem-Out™ + coffee hull reduced by 96% the number of nematodes g -1 of root, whereas the one with Compost-Aid ® + filter cake reduced it by 97%. Most of the treatments have positively influenced the vegetative variables in comparison to the inoculated control.

GREEN MANURE AND Pochonia chlamydosporia FOR Meloidogyne javanica CONTROL IN SOYBEAN

“…A study on the association between Pc and pumpkin seed flour showed that the isolated use of organic material did not differ from the combined use of plant residues and fungi for M. javanica control (DALLEMOLE-GIARETTA et al, 2010). The combined use of Trichodermaand Bacillus-based products with agricultural wastes, such as poultry litter, filter cake, coffee husk, and rice hull, had a negative effect on nematode control, demonstrating the deleterious effects of organic residues on biocontrol agents (HERNANDES et al, 2020). Nevertheless, in the same study, such combinations were also shown to exert positive or neutral effects on plants, corroborating the findings of Chen, Abawi, and Zuckerman (2000).…”

POTENCIAL DE EXTRATOS DE PLANTAS E MANIPUEIRA NO CONTROLE DE Meloidogyne javanica EM JILOEIRO

“…Acreditamos que a falta de diferença estatista para estas variáveis deve-se ao alto valor para o coeficiente de variação, que é muito comum em experimentos com nematoides. Trabalho realizado recentemente, utilizando a associação de controle biológico e materiais orgânicos no controle de M. javanica em tomateiro também observaram efeito positivo dos compostos orgânicos, tanto no controle do nematoide, quanto no desenvolvimento vegetativo do tomateiro (Hernandes et al, 2020).…”

Macrotyloma axillare ‘Java’ and Crotalaria spp. combined with biocontrol agents for the management of Meloidogyne javanica in soybean

“…Application of green manure increases the levels of organic matter and humic substances in soil (Souza et al, 2019). These materials reduce plant‐parasitic nematode populations (Hernandes et al, 2020) and increase those of beneficial nematodes (Quist et al, 2019). The abundance of phytopathogenic nematodes in soil is inversely proportional to soil ammonia and organic nitrogen, which are released by legume residues (Song et al, 2020).…”