Atorvastatin Decreases Bone Loss, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Periodontitis

Júnior, Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo; Souza, Tatiana Oliveira; Moura, Lígia Moreno de; Torres, Kerginaldo Paulo; Souza, Lélia Batista De; Alves, Maria do Socorro Costa Feitosa; Rocha, Hugo Oliveira; Araújo, Aurigena Antunes de

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0075322

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Some previous studies have reported significant increases, significant decreases and non-significant changes in SOD and/or GSH-Px levels in patients with periodontitis relative to healthy subjects (14)(15)(16)(17)(18). In the present study, the levels of SOD and GSH-Px did not differ significantly among any of the groups.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…The antioxidant function of GSH plays a significant role in its direct scavenging of ROS (50). It has been reported that serum GSH levels are increased in experimental periodontitis (14). Schupp et al (51) reported that GSH was increased in human promyelocytic cells incubated with/without rosuvastatin, inducing the formation of ROS, and that this effect was independent of HMG-CoAR inhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malondialdehyde (MDA), a final product of the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cells, is a marker of oxidative stress and and peroxidative tissue injury (12). Clinical studies have indicated that MDA levels are increased in serum, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and gingival samples from patients with periodontitis depending on ROS activity (13)(14)(15). At inflammatory sites, antioxidant systems protect tissue against the destructive effects of ROS and prevent or delay oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rosuvastatin also reduces the levels of oxidative stress markers, upregulates antioxidant defense mechanisms, and prevents tissue damage (21). Data from animal studies have suggested some possible mechanisms underlying the beneficial role of various statins, such as simvastatin and atorvastatin, in preventing alveolar bone loss (ABL) (14,(22)(23)(24). Moreover, recent clinical evidence indicates that statins may have beneficial effects on periodontal diseases (decreasing probing pocket depth and tooth loss, and increasing intrabony defect filling and clinical attachment) (25)(26)(27)(28)(29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-inflammatory effect of rosuvastatin decreases alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis

Kırzıoğlu¹,

Bulut²,

Doğan

et al. 2017

J Oral Sci

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The effects of systemically administered rosuvastatin on alveolar bone loss (ABL), cytokine levels and oxidative status were investigated in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis. Rats were divided randomly into four groups: a non-ligated group (C); a non-ligated+rosuvastatin group (R); a ligated group (P); and a ligated+rosuvastatin group (PR). Ligatures were placed at the maxillary second molars, and rosuvastatin was administered for 14 days. After the rats had been euthanatized, histomorphometric and histological analyses were performed, and the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10 and oxidant and antioxidant parameters (malondialdehyde [MDA], superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase) were evaluted by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Rosuvastatin significantly decreased the extent of ABL, inflammatory infiltration and osteoclasts in periodontitis, but increased the numbers of osteoblasts. Although rosuvastatin reduced the levels of IL-1β, they did not differ significantly between the PR and P groups. In the PR group, not only were IL-10 levels significantly higher but also the ratio of IL-1β to IL-10 was lower than in the P group. Although MDA levels were significantly increased in the P group relative to the C group, they did not differ significantly between the PR and C groups. The present data suggest that rosuvastatin decreases ABL in ligature-induced periodontitis, and that its anti-inflammatory effect is more remarkable than its antioxidant effect.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-inflammatory effect of rosuvastatin decreases alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis

Kırzıoğlu¹,

Bulut²,

Doğan

et al. 2017

J Oral Sci

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“…Studies with antihypertensive drugs have shown that they have an anti-inflammatory activity in periodontal disease with reduced bone loss [2]–[5]. Our group have study the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azilsartan Increases Levels of IL-10, Down-Regulates MMP-2, MMP-9, RANKL/RANK, Cathepsin K and Up-Regulates OPG in an Experimental Periodontitis Model

Araújo

Varela

Brito³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of azilsartan (AZT) on bone loss, inflammation, and the expression of matrix metallo proteinases (MMPs), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK), osteoprotegerin (OPG), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and cathepsin K in periodontal tissue in a rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis.Materials and MethodsMale Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 rats each: (1) nonligated, water; (2) ligated, water; (3) ligated, 1 mg/kg AZT; (4) ligated, 5 mg/kg AZT; and (5) ligated, 10 mg/kg AZT. All groups were treated with saline or AZT for 10 days. Periodontal tissues were analyzed by histopathology and immunohistochemical detection of MMP-2, MMP-9, COX-2, RANKL, RANK, OPG, and cathepsin K. Levels of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and glutathione (GSH) were determined by ELISA.ResultsTreatment with 5 mg/kg AZT resulted in reduced MPO (p<0.05) and IL-1β (p<0.05), increased levels of IL-10 (p<0.05), and reduced expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, COX-2, RANK, RANKL, cathepsin K, and increased expression of OPG.ConclusionsThese findings reveal that AZT increases anti-inflammatory cytokines and GSH and decreases bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats.

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Statins and IL-1β, IL-10, and MPO Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: Preliminary Results

et al. 2016

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Statins possess a wide variety of pleiotropic properties that are independent of their lipid-lowering abilities such as attenuating inflammation, oxidative stress, coagulation, platelet aggregation and stimulating bone formation. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of statins on clinical periodontal parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of IL-1β, IL-10, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in inflammatory periodontal diseases. Seventy-nine subjects with hyperlipidemia and 48 systemically healthy controls (C) were included. Hyperlipidemic patients were either given a diet (HD) or prescribed statin (HS). Patients were classified into three subgroups as those who were periodontally healthy (h), who had gingivitis (g), or who had chronic periodontitis (p). Blood samples were collected for the measurement of lipid profiles. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. Gingival crevicular fluid levels of IL-1β, IL-10, and MPO were measured in order to determine the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of statins. Probing depth values of the HSp group were significantly lower than those of the Cp group. Percentage of BOP of the HSg group was significantly lower than those of the HDg and Cg groups. While the IL-1β level of the HSp group was significantly lower than that of the HDp group, IL-10 levels of the HSg group were significantly higher than those of the HDg group. MPO levels were significantly lower in the HSg group when compared to those in the HDg and Cg groups. Statin use decreased the IL-1β and MPO levels and enhanced IL-10 in GCF. It can be suggested that statins may attenuate periodontal inflammation and progression of periodontal inflammation.

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Atorvastatin Decreases Bone Loss, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Periodontitis

Cited by 40 publications

References 26 publications

Anti-inflammatory effect of rosuvastatin decreases alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis

Anti-inflammatory effect of rosuvastatin decreases alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis

Azilsartan Increases Levels of IL-10, Down-Regulates MMP-2, MMP-9, RANKL/RANK, Cathepsin K and Up-Regulates OPG in an Experimental Periodontitis Model

Statins and IL-1β, IL-10, and MPO Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: Preliminary Results

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