Anti-inflammatory effect of rosuvastatin decreases alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis

Abstract

The effects of systemically administered rosuvastatin on alveolar bone loss (ABL), cytokine levels and oxidative status were investigated in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis. Rats were divided randomly into four groups: a non-ligated group (C); a non-ligated+rosuvastatin group (R); a ligated group (P); and a ligated+rosuvastatin group (PR). Ligatures were placed at the maxillary second molars, and rosuvastatin was administered for 14 days. After the rats had been euthanatized, histomorphometric and histological analyses were performed, and the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10 and oxidant and antioxidant parameters (malondialdehyde [MDA], superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase) were evaluted by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Rosuvastatin significantly decreased the extent of ABL, inflammatory infiltration and osteoclasts in periodontitis, but increased the numbers of osteoblasts. Although rosuvastatin reduced the levels of IL-1β, they did not differ significantly between the PR and P groups. In the PR group, not only were IL-10 levels significantly higher but also the ratio of IL-1β to IL-10 was lower than in the P group. Although MDA levels were significantly increased in the P group relative to the C group, they did not differ significantly between the PR and C groups. The present data suggest that rosuvastatin decreases ABL in ligature-induced periodontitis, and that its anti-inflammatory effect is more remarkable than its antioxidant effect.

Periodontal Health and Disease in Glutathione Peroxidase

“…In line with these results, the authors claimed that application of melatonin caused an increase in GSH-Px levels in the heart tissue either due to its antioxidant properties or by increasing the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes [64]. Furthermore, Kırzıoğlu et al [24] examined the effects of systemically administered rosuvastatin, which decreases the levels of ROS and increases antioxidant activity, on GSH-Px levels in the serum of the rats with experimental periodontitis. They reported there were no significant differences in the levels of GSH-Px among control, healthy + rosuvastatin, periodontitis, and periodontitis + rosuvastatin groups [24].…”

“…Furthermore, Kırzıoğlu et al [24] examined the effects of systemically administered rosuvastatin, which decreases the levels of ROS and increases antioxidant activity, on GSH-Px levels in the serum of the rats with experimental periodontitis. They reported there were no significant differences in the levels of GSH-Px among control, healthy + rosuvastatin, periodontitis, and periodontitis + rosuvastatin groups [24].…”

“…Antioxidant defense mechanisms (nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants) eliminate ROS and inhibit their detrimental consequences on the host [23]. Antioxidant enzymes protect tissues against the destructive effects of ROS created by different metabolic processes, modulating the dimension of inflammatory response [18,24]. The defense mechanism averse to ROS involves three antioxidant pathways including intracellular, extracellular, and membrane antioxidants [25].…”

Calcitonin gene‑related peptide reduces Porphyromonas�gingivalis LPS‑induced TNF‑α release and apoptosis in osteoblasts

“…Following PgLPS stimulation, osteoblasts released a large amount of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1 and MCP-2; PgLPS stimulation also increased the expression of apoptotic signals c-Caspase-3 and c-Caspase-8. A number of previous studies reported that the change in cytokine expression levels, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, interferon-γ and leukemia inhibitory factor, was an important cause of bone loss (43,44). Among these, the increase of TNF-α expression was identified as one of the characteristics of bone loss (45).…”

The effect of sword bean extract on the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis in mice

“…In the present study, IL-17-producing cells and cathepsin K-positive 15 osteoclasts were higher in the radial and carpal bones of RA + PD mice compared with 16 RA mice. IL-17 is an essential mediator of cartilage and bone destruction [28-30] and 17 its production is promoted by inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6[12].…”