Association of Speculum Lubrication with Pain and Papanicolaou Test Accuracy

Uygur, Dilek; Güler, Ömer Tolga; Yaycı, Eyüp; Ataçağ, Tijen; Comunoglu, Cem; Kuzey, Gamze Mocan

doi:10.3122/jabfm.2012.06.120021

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…The use of lubricant to facilitate the insertion of vaginal speculum is seen as a way to minimize the pain reported by women during the examination, which contributes to improve adherence to screening and, thereby, decreases the incidence of cervical cancer . However, the use of lubricant in obtaining cervical smears is controversial and criticized by some authors, given the possibility of changing the outcome of cervical cytology, which may produce less reliable results …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the current study, the presence of liquid vaseline was not observed in the analyzed slides. Excess of inflammatory cells, large amounts of blood or lack of cells in the slides were considered collection artifacts, considered as unsatisfactory samples in some studies, excluding the hypothesis that overlapping lubricant could alter the interpretation of results …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 However, the use of lubricant in obtaining cervical smears is controversial and criticized by some authors, given the possibility of changing the outcome of cervical cytology, which may produce less reliable results. 5,18,19 The protocol used in this study allowed to compare the second to the first samples of the same group. This was important because any differences found in the results of Pap smears might be related to the fact that the second cervical cell samples could contain fewer cells compared to the first ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of using lubricant during the speculum examination for Pap smear collection

Nunes

Cascaes

Schneider

et al. 2018

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Objective To evaluate the effect of using lubricant during speculum examination for Pap smear collection. Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted involving 83 patients attending a medical school clinic. Participants were allocated into two groups: Group 1—Lubricant using; Group 2—No lubricant using. All patients were submitted to two successive collections and after were asked about their level of discomfort. Differences between groups regarding quality, artifacts, cytology, and level of discomfort were observed through chi‐squared test. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were also estimated. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. Results No significant differences between groups regarding quality, presence of artifacts, and cytological results were observed. Significant lower discomfort level in Group 1 (lubricant using). Conclusion The use of vaginal lubricant did not affect the results of cytology and could be a useful tool to reduce the discomfort during Pap smear collection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of using lubricant during the speculum examination for Pap smear collection

Nunes

Cascaes

Schneider

et al. 2018

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…Use of a small amount of water-based lubricant with speculum examination has been shown to decrease examination discomfort compared with use of water alone (45)(46)(47). Exfoliated cells are collected from the transformation zone of the cervix and transferred to a vial of liquid preservative that is processed in the laboratory (liquidbased technique) or transferred directly to a slide and fixed (conventional technique).…”

Section: Cervical Cytology Screening Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practice Bulletin No. 157

2016

Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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The incidence of cervical cancer in the United States has decreased more than 50% in the past 30 years because of widespread screening. In 1975, the rate was 14.8 per 100,000 women. By 2011, it decreased to 6.7 per 100,000 women. Mortality from the disease has undergone a similar decrease from 5.55 per 100,000 women in 1975 to 2.3 per 100,000 women in 2011 (). The American Cancer Society (ACS) estimated that there would be 12,900 new cases of cervical cancer in the United States in 2015, with 4,100 deaths from the disease (). Cervical cancer is much more common worldwide, particularly in countries without screening programs, with an estimated 527,624 new cases of the disease and 265,672 resultant deaths each year (). When cervical cancer screening programs have been introduced into communities, marked reductions in cervical cancer incidence have followed ().New technologies for cervical cancer screening continue to evolve, as do recommendations for managing the results. In addition, there are different risk-benefit considerations for women at different ages, as reflected in age-specific screening recommendations. In 2011, the ACS, the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP), and the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP) updated their joint guidelines for cervical cancer screening (), as did the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (). Subsequently, in 2015, ASCCP and the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) issued interim guidance for the use of a human papillomavirus (HPV) test for primary screening for cervical cancer that was approved in 2014 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (). The purpose of this document is to provide a review of the best available evidence regarding the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer.

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“…Guler et al 5 completed a large study (400 women) providing more information on the lubrication/no lubrication argument during Papanicolaou smear collection. The bottom line: lubrication was helpful for postmenopausal women but not for premenopausal women.…”

Section: Clinical Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate Cancer Decision-Making, Health Services, and the Family Physician Workforce

Bowman¹,

Neale²

2012

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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Untreated cancer equals death? This is the underlying fear and myth that drives many patients. However, there is the corresponding assumption than an unfound cancer is not a deadly cancer and a found cancer is a deadly cancer. With prostate cancer screening, we would argue, the main issue is not the prostate-specific antigen test itself, certainly an imperfect test, but what happens afterward. Having a lower level of prostate-specific antigen does not require immediate treatment. This is not a myth, but it is very difficult concept for patients and physicians. Once men know the cancer is actually present (as compared with the large number of men whom have prostate cancer but do not know it), they struggle to decide to watch and wait. For those who consider watchful waiting, significant others and physicians often pushed toward active treatment. Read some of the telling comments in Xu et al.

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Association of Speculum Lubrication with Pain and Papanicolaou Test Accuracy

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of using lubricant during the speculum examination for Pap smear collection

Effects of using lubricant during the speculum examination for Pap smear collection

Practice Bulletin No. 157

Prostate Cancer Decision-Making, Health Services, and the Family Physician Workforce

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