Association of ABO and Rh blood groups with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Muzaffarnagar city

Abstract

Background:The "ABO" blood group system is associated with some diseases including gastric and duodenal ulcer, hepatitis B1, vascular diseases, abdominal aortic aneurism, and cancers. Some epidemiological studies demonstrated the linkage among the "ABO" blood group and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Aims and Objective -This study aimed to find out the possible linkage between "ABO" and "Rhesus" blood groups with type 2 DM. Material and Methods: This study was carried out in Department of Physiology, Muzaffarnagar Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarnagar from April 2017 to June 2017. This study included total 1316 individuals in which 104 were diabetic patients, and 1212 individuals were non-diabetic apparently healthy controls. Diabetic patients were taken from diabetic outpatient clinics, and the controls were taken from healthy individuals coming for blood donation at blood bank of Muzaffarnagar Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarnagar. Standard slide agglutination test for the determination of ABO and Rh blood groups was used. Data thus obtained were analyzed by applying Chi-square test to determine any association between DM and different ABO and Rh blood groups. Data were expressed as percent and absolute number of frequency. Results: Increased frequency of blood group AB and blood group O (18.26% vs. 10.31%, 34.61% vs. 29.31%) were found in diabetes. On applying Chi-square test, statistically significant association was found between blood groups AB and O and DM (Chi-square value -8.24, P < 0.04). Increased frequency of Rh positive blood group in diabetic (96.15% vs. 95.54%) but association between Rh blood group and diabetes was not statistically significant. (Chi-square value -0.021, P = 0.88). Conclusion: Blood group might be a risk factor and it can be helpful for the evaluation of the disease.

Association of ABO and Rh Blood Group Phenotypes with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Referral Hospital Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia

“…The result of the present study showed that the Rh factor was not associated with T2DM. Similar results were reported by studies in India [ 37 ] and Algeria [ 26 ]. However, a study conducted in Pakistan [ 5 ] indicated that Rh-negative blood groups and T2DM had a significant association.…”

“…The reason for this protective effect of the O blood group might be the low level of inflammatory mediators like factor VIII-VWF complex, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and TNF-2 [ 31 , 32 ]. Inconsistent to the current result, a study in India [ 37 ] reported that blood group O had increased risk of developing DM as compared to other blood groups. The reasons for the observed difference might be the geographical, environmental, and genetic differences in which these studies were conducted.…”

“…From this study, blood group AB was not associated with T2DM. However, a study done in Egypt [ 39 ] showed that blood group AB was protective against T2DM, and another study in India [ 37 ] showed that the AB blood group was higher among T2DM patients as compared to healthy controls. The reasons for this variation might be the geographical, genetic, and environmental difference in the study area.…”

Higher Odds of Type 2 Diabetes for Some Blood Groups

“…According to the results of this study, there was no statistically significant relationship between the variable of Rh and diabetes. This was consistent with the study of Aggarwal et al [18], but in their study, Rh + in the case group (diabetic patients) was higher than Rh + in the control group (healthy participants). Other studies also showed the same results [21,25].…”

“…Some studies have been conducted on the association between blood type and diabetes. They concluded that diabetes can be related to blood group B [15,16], blood group A [17] and blood groups O and AB [18]. Also several other studies have explored the relationship between ABO blood group and diabetes, but their findings were mostly inconsistent [19][20][21].…”