Background:The "ABO" blood group system is associated with some diseases including gastric and duodenal ulcer, hepatitis B1, vascular diseases, abdominal aortic aneurism, and cancers. Some epidemiological studies demonstrated the linkage among the "ABO" blood group and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Aims and Objective -This study aimed to find out the possible linkage between "ABO" and "Rhesus" blood groups with type 2 DM. Material and Methods: This study was carried out in Department of Physiology, Muzaffarnagar Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarnagar from April 2017 to June 2017. This study included total 1316 individuals in which 104 were diabetic patients, and 1212 individuals were non-diabetic apparently healthy controls. Diabetic patients were taken from diabetic outpatient clinics, and the controls were taken from healthy individuals coming for blood donation at blood bank of Muzaffarnagar Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarnagar. Standard slide agglutination test for the determination of ABO and Rh blood groups was used. Data thus obtained were analyzed by applying Chi-square test to determine any association between DM and different ABO and Rh blood groups. Data were expressed as percent and absolute number of frequency. Results: Increased frequency of blood group AB and blood group O (18.26% vs. 10.31%, 34.61% vs. 29.31%) were found in diabetes. On applying Chi-square test, statistically significant association was found between blood groups AB and O and DM (Chi-square value -8.24, P < 0.04). Increased frequency of Rh positive blood group in diabetic (96.15% vs. 95.54%) but association between Rh blood group and diabetes was not statistically significant. (Chi-square value -0.021, P = 0.88). Conclusion: Blood group might be a risk factor and it can be helpful for the evaluation of the disease.

Background: Obesity is a newer chronic non-communicable disease, one of the today's most neglected public health problems according to WHO. While the complication of obesity such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and osteoarthritis are well established, but less emphasis is traditionally placed on the effects of obesity on the respiratory system. Aims and Objective: To study the effect of gender and correlation of body mass index (BMI) with pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Materials and Methods: This study was done on 115 first year Medical and Paramedical Students of Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Muzaffarnagar. Following the selection, the participants were divided into two groups based on BMI < 25 and BMI > 25. Anthropomeric parameters and spirometeric parameters were measured using a computerized spirometer. Statistical analysis was done by applying Student's t-test. Linear association was established using Pearson's correlation. Results: On comparing the female participants with male participants, PFTs (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expired volume in 1 second [FEV1], FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow rate) were found to be significantly lower in female than male. On observing, the correlation of pulmonary function parameter with BMI correlated positively with BMI < 25. PFTs were negatively correlated with increasing BMI in both male and female participants but the correlation is not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our finding suggests that there is a significant impairment of lung functions in the overweight individuals.

No abstract

Background: Traditional lectures (using PowerPoint presentation or chalk and board) have become less effective, monotonous, and involve less student-teacher interaction. Introducing peer-assisted learning (PAL) may improve learning by increased student-teacher interaction, making interesting, and more effective for better student outcome, producing a competent Indian medical graduate. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to introduce PAL in 1st year MBBS students, to evaluate effectiveness of PAL both from Students and Teachers perspective, and to determine feasibility of PAL in a large batch of 150 students with limited teacher availability. Materials and Methods: Place of study is Muzaffarnagar medical college, Muzaffarnagar, UP. Study was conducted on 80, 1st phase MBBS students (2020 Batch) Ethical clearance from Institutional Ethics committee was obtained. A pre-test and a post-test of ten MCQs were given. Feedback from students and faculty members was also taken. Results: As post-test scores show a significant improvement Pal can be introduced as a TL method in MBBS students. Conclusion: Feedback from both the students and teachers show that a significant percentage agree that PAL is helpful in increasing knowledge, should be included in the teaching methodology in CBME curriculum, is feasible, can be included in internal assessment, and improve critical thinking skills.

No abstract