Antiviral activity of mycosynthesized silver nanoparticles against herpes simplex virus and human parainfluenza virus type 3

Abstract

The interaction between silver nanoparticles and viruses is attracting great interest due to the potential antiviral activity of these particles, and is the subject of much research effort in the treatment of infectious diseases. In this work, we demonstrate that silver nanoparticles undergo a size-dependent interaction with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and with human parainfluenza virus type 3. We show that production of silver nanoparticles from different fungi is feasible, and their antiviral activity is dependent on the production system used. Silver nanoparticles are capable of reducing viral infectivity, probably by blocking interaction of the virus with the cell, which might depend on the size and zeta potential of the silver nanoparticles. Smaller-sized nanoparticles were able to inhibit the infectivity of the viruses analyzed.

Role of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for highly prevalent viral infections

“…With increasing number of studies regarding the interaction between silver nanoparticles and viruses (discussed in previous sections), the role of silver nanoparticles as potential anti-HSV agents were studied. A size dependent study regarding the role of silver nanoparticles produced by fungi, in inhibiting HSV-1&2 were studied by Gaikwad et al [118]. The study concluded that non-toxic silver nanoparticles in the size range of 4–23 nm (and produced by F. oxysporum and Curvularia species) had better anti-viral activity.…”

The optical, photothermal, and facile surface chemical properties of gold and silver nanoparticles in biodiagnostics, therapy, and drug delivery

“…Moreover, PVP-AgNPs incorporated into a nonspermicidal gel inhibited the transmission of cell-associated and cell-free HIV-1 in human cervical culture after only 1 min of AgNP pretreatment (Lara et al 2010a). AgNPs have also demonstrated antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), the influenza virus, and the hepatitis B virus (Baram-Pinto et al 2009; Gaikwad et al 2013; Lu et al 2008; Xiang et al 2011). …”

Gold nanorods inhibit respiratory syncytial virus by stimulating the innate immune response

“…15 Additionally, GNRs have been explored as a RSV vaccine delivery. 21 Some studies with metallic nanoparticles have been performed in animals with respect to respiratory viruses.…”

“…1 Nanoparticles, unmodified or functionalized with biomolecules, can be used for anti-viral drug delivery, 2 virus detection 3–6 and as anti-viral therapeutic agents 7–12 . Metallic nanoparticles have shown anti-viral activity against respiratory viruses like Influenza, 10, 13, 14 Parainfluenza 15 and Adenovirus 16 . Gold nanomaterials are gaining popularity due to their surface structure, low toxicity and their potential for a wide range of biomedical applications.…”